The installation of stationary super-capacitor energy storage system (ESS) in metro systems can recycle the vehicle braking energy and improve the pantograph voltage profile. This paper aims to optimize the energy management, location, and size of stationary super-capacitor ESSes simultaneously and obtain the best economic efficiency and voltage profile of metro systems. Firstly, the simulation...

When information is abundant, it becomes increasingly difficult to fit nuggets of knowledge into a single coherent picture. Complex stories spaghetti into branches, side stories, and intertwining narratives. In order to explore these stories, one needs a map to navigate unfamiliar territory. We have developed a methodology for creating structured summaries of information, which we call metro ma...

Automatic discovery of physical topology plays a crucial role in enhancing the manageability of modern metro Ethernet networks. Despite the importance of the problem, earlier research and commercial network management tools have typically concentrated on either discovering logical topology, or proprietary solutions targeting specific product families. Recent works have demonstrated that network...

We introduce the Periodic Metro Scheduling (PMS) problem, which aims in generating a periodic timetable for a given set of routes and a given time period, in such a way that the minimum time distance between any two successive trains that pass from the same point of the network is maximized. This can be particularly useful in cases where trains use the same rail segment quite often, as happens ...

Jinan is a famous spring city in China. Construction of underground metro system may block groundwater seepage, inducing the depletion risk of springs. This paper presents an assessment of the risk due to metro line construction to groundwater in Jinan City using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Geographic International System (GIS). Based on the characteristics of hydrogeology and engineer...

this paper aims to analyze tariff protection policies in the agricultural sector of developing countries. the agricultural tariff structure in developing countries is characterized by: i) high average tariffs, ii) the existence of tariff escalation, iii) dispersion of nominal tariffs across tariff lines, and iv) a wide gap between average nominal tariffs and import-weighted average tariffs. con...

Aircraft must follow strict Air Traffic Control (ATC) rules. One of these rules is that aircraft have to fly over predefined Flight Routes (FR). Current ATC visualizations do not display FRs because they are numerous and run into each other, and thus spoil the visualization. The schematic views for metro maps are used to maximize the transmission of relevant information (lines, metro stops) of ...

This is an incorporated carrier which give all statistics approximately the metro rail and it’s routes for public. The proposed device internet primarily based totally GUI software presents concerning timings, fare. additionally has a entire module devoted transactions in even clever card may be supplied with out person's bodily presence. consists of area monitoring facility cutting-edge usage ...

Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is a link management standard that provides loop free paths in Ethernet networks. Deploying STP in metro area networks is inadequate because it does not meet the requirements of these networks. STP blocks redundant links, causing the risk of congestion close to the root. As a result, STP provides poor support for load balancing in metro Ethernet networks. A solution...

*Correspondence: Alfredo Mahar F. Lagmay, National Institute of Geological Sciences, University of the Philippines Diliman, P.Velasquez Street, Diliman, Quezon City 1101, Metro Manila, Philippines e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] Many volcanoes worldwide are located near populated cities that experience monsoon seasons, characterized by shifting winds each year. Because...