Patrick Haggard1 and Valerian Chambon1,2 in a nearly complete overthrow of the seedless vascular plants, which once dominated the planet. The modern‐day descendants of these giants, still dependent on water for half of their life cycle, are almost exclusively confined to swampy or tropical habitats. Equisetum, with their highly proliferative and resilient rhizomes, are more versatile than many ...

Four biotypes (pathotypes) of the citrus nematode, Tylenchulus semipenetrans, occurring in California, U.S.A. were differentiated on the basis of differences of infectivity on 'Homosassa' sweet orange, 'Troyer' citrange, 'Pomeroy' and 'Rubidoux' Poncirus trifoliata, 'Thompson Seedless' grape, and 'Manzanillo' olive. A method for differentiating biotypes of T. semipenetrans is described. Field o...

Kislev et al. (Reports, 2 June 2006, p. 1372) described Neolithic parthenocarpic fig fruits and proposed that they derive from trees propagated only by cuttings and thus represent the first domesticated plant of the Neolithic Revolution. Because parthenocarpic fig trees naturally produce both seeded and seedless fruits and are capable of spontaneous reproduction, we argue that the finds do not ...

Utilization of grapes for juice concentrate production is an important market for grape growers in the San Joaquin Valley. Approximately 536,000 tons of grapes were crushed during the 2001 season for juice concentrate production. The majority of fruit crushed for this purpose was from Thompson Seedless cultivar, In addition, red cultivars such as Royality and Rubired were also used to produce h...