1 We examined amongand within-species effects of seed mass for seedling establishment from seed to 5 years of age in a field experiment at Paracou, French Guiana. 2 Six seeds of each of eight species were weighed and planted into each of 120 plots (1 m 2 ) throughout closed-canopy forest along 12 100-m transects in 1998. 3 We described the microhabitat of each planting site using principal comp...

This study was conducted at the Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources farm, Iran, Golestan province with about 600 mm annual rainfall in order to evaluate the effect of different sowing dates on Azivash (Corchorusolitorius) seed quality, using a randomized complete block design with three replications on 2013. Treatments were four sowing dates such as May 5, ...

Some biochemical activities in embryo or seedling of germinating rice (Oryza Sativa L.) seed were studied to explain the effects of suboptimum (20 C), optimum (30 C), and supraoptimum (40 C) temperatures on seed germination and seedling growth. It was observed that 40 C slightly speeded up seed germination but severely inhibited the growth of young seedlings, 30 C delayed germination compared t...

The present investigation was carried out to study the induced mutagenesis of EMS (Ethyl methane sulphonate) on the seed germination, seedling survival and LD50 value of Catharanthus roseus. The seeds of Vinca rosea were treated with different concentration of EMS viz., 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45 and 50 mM. The untreated seeds were taken as control. The EMS treated and control seeds were...

Understanding processes that promote species coexistence is integral to diversity maintenance. In hyperdiverse tropical forests, local conspecific density (LCD) and light are influential to woody seedling recruitment and soil nutrients are often limiting, yet the simultaneous effects of these factors on seedling survival across time remain unknown. We fit species- and age-specific models to cen...

After dispersal, seeds can germinate and establish as seedlings, persist as seeds, or die. Knowledge of these three seed fates is crucial for understanding the abundance and distribution of plant populations and ultimately, community composition and diversity. Few studies, however, have simultaneously measured these fates, while also examining the factors causing mortality. The goal of this res...

Here we identify the BAP1 and BAP2 genes of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) as general inhibitors of programmed cell death (PCD) across the kingdoms. These two homologous genes encode small proteins containing a calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding C2 domain. BAP1 and its functional partner BON1 have been shown to negatively regulate defense responses and a disease resistance gene SNC1. Ge...

Abstract Hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) can alleviate Cd-induced cell death, but the molecular mechanisms are not clear. To shed light on these mechanisms, death induced by 200 μM cadmium chloride in cucumber seedlings root tips was used as a model system. Here, we report that negative effect of Cd stress mitochondrial physiological functions include changes cytochrome c/a, membrane permeability tran...

The plant hormone ethylene regulates many aspects of growth and development. Loss-of-function mutations in ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE2 (EIN2) result in ethylene insensitivity in Arabidopsis, indicating an essential role of EIN2 in ethylene signaling. However, little is known about the role of EIN2 in species other than Arabidopsis. To gain a better understanding of EIN2, a petunia (Petunia x hybrida ...