Picture and word naming tasks were used to investigate the activation of tonal information in the speech production of Chinese words. A picture was presented first, followed by a Chinese character superimposing on the picture. This character shared either the segmental template and the tone, or only the segmental template, or no phonological properties with the name of the picture. Subjects wer...

This article presents detailed complexity analysis of the encoding and decoding problems for the segmental phonology. The segmental model is a generative theory of phonological dependencies. As such, it poses two computational problems. The rst computational problem is the problem of actually encoding the dependencies of a given phonology into a given representation of phonological knowledge (t...

STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. OBJECTIVES Lateral interbody fixation is being increasingly used for the correction of segmental sagittal parameters. One factor that affects postoperative correction is the resistance afforded by posterior hypertrophic facet joints in the degenerative lumbar spine. In this article, we describe a novel preoperative motion segment classification system ...

This work presents experiments on four segmental training algorithms for mixture density HMMs. The segmental versions of SOM and LVQ3 suggested by the author are compared against the conventional segmental K-means and the segmental GPD. The recognition task used as a test bench is the speaker dependent, but vocabulary independent automatic speech recognition. The output density function of each...

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to examine the effects of exercise to strengthen the muscles of the hip together with lumbar segmental stabilization exercise on the lumbar disability index, lumbar muscle strength, and balance. [Subjects and Methods] This study randomly and equally assigned 40 participants who provided written consent to participate in this study to a lumbar segmental stabil...

....................................................................................................... 89 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 90 Results ........................................................................................................ 92 Discussion ..............................................