Tocopherol represents a big challenge for transdermal permeation owing to its extreme hydrophobicity and large molecular mass. The aim of the present study was to develop alpha-tocopherol (T) topical formulations and evaluate their ex vivo and in vivo permeation. Franz diffusion cells were used for ex vivo permeation, and neonatal rats were used for in vivo permeation. Seven gel formulations an...

Nicotine transdermal systems are being used as an aid to smoking cessation programs. As the kinetics of nicotine delivery is important in success of a smoking cessation program, rapid and high input of nicotine is required, which is not possible by passive methods and requires enhancement strategies such as iontophoresis. Iontophoretic permeation, of nicotine looks promising, based on published...

objective(s): ketotifen fumarate (kf) is a selective and noncompetitive histamine antagonist (h1-receptor) that is used topically in the treatment of allergic conditions of rhinitis and conjunctivitis. the aim of this study was to formulate and improve an ophthalmic delivery system of kf.ocular nanoparticles were prepared with the objective of reducing the frequency of administration and obtain...

in this work a new resistance model has been presented based on that of henis-tripodi which can be used for interpretation of gas permeation data in composite and asymmetric membranes. in contrast to the previous works, in this model the fraction of the support layer surface that includes the pores filled with coating material has been taken into account. the influences of the filled pores on s...

The aim of this study was to improve the transdermal permeation of Diclofenac Soduim. Permeation studies were carried out in -vitro using Cellophane Membrane. Topical gel formulations of diclofenac sodium were prepared by using Carbopol 934, Carbopol 940, sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC), polymer as a gel-forming material that is biocompatible and biodegradable. The skin permeation enhance...

Disposable devices for sensing biomarkers like Na+ ion in sweat was developed using UV-Ozone irradiated laser-induced graphene (LIG) based electrodes. Solid-state ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) sensitive to ions were fabricated by a two-step drop-coating process of polyvinyl chloride solution containing plasticizer, ionophore and ion-exchanger on LIG electrode. Hydrophobic hydrophilic transiti...

The effects of a sub-nanometer grain boundary in all-silica chabazite (CHA) zeolite membranes on their permeation properties were investigated by non-equilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD). results indicated that at the total pressure 0.5 MPa, 298 K, CO2 selectivity toward CH4 drastically increased due to presence region inside membrane. This was consequence selective condensation boundary. calc...