New academic self-concept instruments were used to measure self-concepts in 13 (Grades 5-6) or 16 (Grades 7-10) school subjects and to test the structure of academic self-concept posited in the Marsh/Shavelson model. First-order factor analyses identified the scales each instrument was designed to measure, demonstrating that academic self-concept is remarkably subject-specific. As posited, two ...

We propose a new method to estimate human change of concentration from multiple camera views of the human. In our method, human state of concentration is observed as self-load, defined as energy injected in a period to keep and manipulate his/her body. If a person is concentrating to a certain task, he/she will brace himself/herself for better results, and energy consumption will increase. To c...