An old open problem in graph drawing asks for the size of a universal point set, a set of points that can be used as vertices for straight-line drawings of all n-vertex planar graphs. We connect this problem to the theory of permutation patterns, where another open problem concerns the size of superpatterns, permutations that contain all patterns of a given size. We generalize superpatterns to ...

In this paper, a new class of generalized separation axioms (briefly, g-Tg-separation axioms) whose elements are called g-Tg,K, g-Tg,F, g-Tg,H, g-Tg,R, g-Tg,N-axioms is defined in terms sets g-Tg-sets) topological spaces Tg-spaces) and the properties characterizations Tg-space endowed with each such discussed. The study shows that g-Tg,F-axiom implies g-Tg,K-axiom, g-Tg,H-axiom g-Tg,F-axiom, g-...

some considerable damage to steel structures during the hyogo-ken nanbu earthquake occurred. among them, many exposed-type column bases failed in several consistent patterns, such as brittle base plate fracture, excessive bolt elongation, unexpected early bolt failure, and inferior construction work, etc. the lessons from these phenomena led to the need for improved understanding of column base...

Shabir and Naz in [27] introduced the notion of soft topological spaces. They defined soft topology on the collection τ of soft sets over X . Consequently, they defined soft separation axioms, soft regular spaces and soft normal spaces and established their several properties. Min in [30] investigate some properties of these soft separation axioms. Kandil et al. [12] introduce the notion of sof...