A theory is developed for local, first-order sensitivity analysis of limit-cycle oscillating hybrid systems, which are dynamical systems exhibiting both continuous-state and discrete-state dynamics whose state trajectories are closed, isolated, and time-periodic. Methods for the computation of initial-condition sensitivities and parametric sensitivities are developed to account exactly for any ...

The sensitivites of urinary pathogens from general practice and from hospital to a range of antimicrobial drugs have been recorded for the period 1971-8. There have been changes in the proportions of the different bacterial species and in their sensitivites to antibiotics. In particular, the position of ampicillin/amoxycillin and cephalosporins has deteriorated, partly because more resistant sp...

The eye’s optics form an inverted image of the world on the dense layer of light-sensitive photoreceptors that carpet its rear surface. There, the photoreceptors transduce arriving photons into the temporal and spatial patterns of electrical signals that eventually lead to perception. Four types of photoreceptors initiate vision: The rods, more effective at low light levels, provide our nightti...

This paper presents, explicitly, an approach to the exact calculation of group delay and its sensitivities with respectto component parameters basedon the adjoint network conceptand applicable to linear time-invariant circnits. In general, no more than four analyses are reqnired and the computational effort is only moderately more than is necessary for a single analysis. The resnlts presented a...

We consider the problem of estimating a modeling parameter μ using a weighted least squares criterion Jd(y, μ) = ∑n i=1 1 3⁄4(ti) ( y(ti) − f(ti, μ) )2 for given data y by introducing an abstract framework involving generalized measurement procedures characterized by probability measures. We take an optimal design perspective, the general premise (illustrated via examples) being that in any dat...

The computation of the price sensitivities is of paramount importance in financial risk management. Several new approaches have been recently suggested in the literature for this purpose. However, there is lack of studies that investigate this issue during financial crises. During crises volatility is naturally higher than normal situations. This is going to affect the underlying option pricing...

The low energy part of the reactor neutrino spectra has not been experimentally measured. Its uncertainties limit the sensitivities in certain reactor neutrino experiments. The origin of these uncertainties are discussed, and the effects on measurements of neutrino interactions with electrons and nuclei are studied. Comparisons are made with existing results. To optimize the sensitivities, expe...