Disruption of p53/Puma-mediated apoptosis protects against lethality due to DNA damage. Here we demonstrate the unexpected requirement of the pro-apoptotic p53-target gene Puma to mount a successful innate immune response to bacterial sepsis. Puma⁻/⁻ mice rapidly died when challenged with bacteria. While the immune response in Puma⁻/⁻ mice was unchanged in cell migration, phagocytosis and bacte...

INTRODUCTION In almost half of all sepsis patients, acute kidney injury (AKI) develops. However, the pathobiologic differences between sepsis patients with and without AKI are only poorly understood. We used a unique opportunity to examine dynamic inflammatory, renal hemodynamic, and microvascular changes in two clinically relevant large-animal models of sepsis. Our aim was to assess variabilit...

Infants admitted to neonatal intensive care units for suspicion of bacterial sepsis receive at least two broad-spectrum antibiotics for a minimum of 48 to 72 hours to cover both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms while awaiting blood culture results. On average, bacterial growth becomes detectable within 12 to 24 hours, with an additional 24 to 48 hours required for identification. We ha...

Abstract Background Neonates with sepsis may have concurrent urinary tract infection (UTI), which be asymptomatic or nonspecific symptoms. Failure to diagnose UTI, resulting in a delay of appropriate therapy, has been reported cause renal scarring, hypertension, and kidney failure among infants. This study aimed determine the contribution UTI neonatal assess different risk factors that could as...

Vibrio vulnificus is a motile, gram-negative, halophilic, aquatic bacterium that part of the normal estuarine microbiome and typically found in warm coastal waters. Infection with pathogen due to consumption contaminated seafood or exposure seawater. has mortality rate almost 33% United States responsible for more than 95% seafood-related deaths States. can cause vast spectrum diseases, such as...

The Gram-negative bacterial cell wall component lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is recognized by the noncanonical inflammasome protein caspase-11 in the cytosol of infected host cells and thereby prompts an inflammatory immune response linked to sepsis. Host guanylate binding proteins (GBPs) promote infection-induced caspase-11 activation in tissue culture models, and yet their in vivo role in LPS-med...

We evaluated the effect of antiflagellar human monoclonal antibody on gut-derived Pseudomonas aeruginosa sepsis. Mice were given a suspension of P. aeruginosa SP10052 in their drinking water and were simultaneously treated with ampicillin (200 mg/kg of body weight) to disrupt the normal bacterial flora. Cyclophosphamide was then administered to induce leukopenia and translocation of the P. aeru...

Transfusion-associated bacterial sepsis (TABS) is caused by bacteria present in blood components. It is one of the earliest recognized adverse transfusion-associated reactions. Blood components most often become contaminated while blood is being collected from a donor; more seldom in the case of asymptomatic bacteremia or erroneous blood processing procedures (1). Although the risk for transfus...

BACKGROUND Identification of new therapeutic targets remains an imperative goal to improve the morbidity and mortality associated with severe sepsis and septic shock. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), a proinflammatory cytokine and counterregulator of glucocorticoids, has recently emerged as a critical mediator of innate immunity and experimental sepsis, and it is an attractive new ...

background/objective: neonatal septicemia is one of the major causes of mortality in newborns. the aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical manifestations and laboratory findings in positive blood culture in neonatal septicemia. methods: in this retrospective study, we allocated 100 records positive blood culture of neonates suffering from septicemia. a questionnaire was completed for each...