Kraft lignin, so far useful for energy generation, has been gathering considerable attention as an alternative material to replace fossil-based resources mainly due its high phenolic content. However, the wide molecular weight distribution and chemical composition heterogeneity led development of fractionation methods. Herein, narrow such characteristics we used eucalypt kraft lignin fractionat...

A series of laboratory studies were conducted to increase understanding of stable carbon (C/C) and hydrogen (D/H) isotope fractionation arising from methanogenesis by moderately thermophilic acetateand hydrogen-consuming methanogens. Studies of the aceticlastic reaction were conducted with two closely related strains of Methanosaeta thermophila. Results demonstrate a carbon isotope fractionatio...

Aalto University, P.O. Box 11000, FI-00076 Aalto www.aalto.fi Author Ville Pihlajaniemi Name of the doctoral dissertation Pretreatment categories, process alternatives and material characteristics in enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulose: Publisher School of Chemical Technology Unit Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Technology Series Aalto University publication series DOCTORAL DISSERTA...

A variety of enzymic and non-enzymic methods to isolate epithelium from the small intestine have been previously published. Sequential fractionation of cells from the villus to the crypt has been reported in some of these papers, which allows the comparative study of terminally differentiated and proliferative cell phenotypes. However, these methods often involve the incubation of tissues at 37...

Isolation of epidermal lamellar bodies has presented a challenge because pressures required to homogenize keratinocytes can destroy these organelles and because the lamellar body readily releases its contents during prolonged isolation procedures. In an attempt to isolate lamellar bodies, sheets of intact stratum corneum and stratum granulosum were obtained from neonatal mice with highly purifi...

To optimize and enhance the value of a previously developed supercritical fluids (SF) process for removing oil from soybean flakes, we devised a two-step, sequential scheme for extraction of oil and phospholipidcontaining fractions using SC-C02 alone or with ethanol. PLs were selectively removed from the flakes using the SC-C02/ethanol mixture. Phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolam...

Kidney cortex microsomes enriched in Golgi markers and probably also containing endosomes were isolated by cell fractionation and found to contain a proton-translocating ATPase that was inhibited by N-ethylmaleimide (NEM). This NEM-sensitive ATPase was solubilized with n-octyl glucoside and purified using anion-exchange sievorptive chromatography on sequential DEAE-Sephadex and QAE-Sephadex col...