Multi-arm group sequential clinical trials are efficient designs to compare multiple treatments to a control. They allow one to test for treatment effects already in interim analyses and can have a lower average sample number than fixed sample designs. Their operating characteristics depend on the stopping rule: We consider simultaneous stopping, where the whole trial is stopped as soon as for ...

In the history, the major issues of the VLSI designer were area, cost, performance, and reliability; power concern was typically of only lesser importance. But more than the last few years’ power in the circuit is the major difficulty at the present days which is being faced by the very large scale integration industries. The power dissipation in several circuits is typically take place by the ...

This paper presents a novel engine, coined TopX, for efficient ranked retrieval of XML documents over semistructured but nonschematic data collections. The algorithm follows the paradigm of threshold algorithms for top-k query processing with a focus on inexpensive sequential accesses to index lists and only a few judiciously scheduled random accesses. The difficulties in applying the existing ...

The main objective of electric power dispatch is to provide electricity to the customers at low cost and high reliability. Transmission line failures constitute a great threat to the electric power system security. We use a Markov decision process (MDP) approach to model the sequential dispatch decision making process where demand level and transmission line availability change from hour to hou...

Conventional logic dissipates more power by losing bits of information whereas reversibility recovers bit loss from the unique input-output mapping. Reversible Computation has high promise of low power consumption. In this paper, we have proposed a new 4x4 reversible gate (namely BJ gate) which is used to design reversible J-K flip-flop. We have also proposed the design of low power reversible ...

A dielectric fibre with a refractive index higher than its surrounding region is a form of dielectric waveguide which represents a possible medium for the guided transmission of energy at optical frequencies. The particular type of dielectric-fibre waveguide discussed is one with a circular cross-section. The choice of the mode of propagation for a fibre waveguide used for communication purpose...

This study evaluates the discriminative power of sequential spectrum analysis of the short-term electrocardiogram (ECG) time series in separating normal and subjects with life threatening arrhythmias like, ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation (VT/VF). The raw ECG time series is transformed into a series of binary symbols and the binary occupancy or relative distribution of mono-sequences (i.e. ...

We introduce two new hash-based index structures to index set-valued attributes. Both are able to support subset and superset queries. Analytical cost models for the new index structures as well as for the two existing index structures, sequential signature le and Russian Doll Tree, are presented and experimentally validated. Using the validated cost model, we express the performance of all fou...