The city is the base and the space for people to come together. The space in which human interaction and social affairs occur and is identified in terms of epistemic and ontological support. So that we can talk about beautiful city, industrial city, western city and Islamic city. This paper uses the method of thematic analysis to explain the Islamic city by analyzing the relevant sources ...

The frequently reported observation that nomadic populations have lower fertility than their settled counterparts is often attributed to what are perceived as harsh, stressful conditions under which the nomads live. But the consequences of the hypothesized stresses for the reproductive biology or demography of these populations have been documented only a little. Traditionally, the Turkana of n...

INTRODUCTION The government of Sudan has consistently accepted refugees on a humanitarian basis since the mid 1960s. The refugees in the country are in: (i) reception centres; (ii) organized wageearning and semi-urban settlements; and (iii) urban and rural areas where refugees have self-settled among the local population. The main concern here is the self-settled urban refugees, with more empha...

The settlement of Madagascar is one of the most unusual, and least understood, episodes in human prehistory. Madagascar was one of the last landmasses to be reached by people, and despite the island's location just off the east coast of Africa, evidence from genetics, language and culture all attests that it was settled jointly by Africans, and more surprisingly, Indonesians. Nevertheless, extr...

Some very crude estimate on the maximal number of points of equilibrium is obtained in [GNSh] using Khovanskii’s fewnomial theory, see [Kh]. Conjecture 1 is not even settled for 3 positive point charges in which case all points of equilibrium lie in the plane spanned by these charges. (Some special cases of 3 charges are settled in the recent literature, see [Ki],[Pe],[Wa].) Observe that for ch...

This study was designed to assess the capacity of beef extract reagents to form flocs suitable for virus adsorption. Reagent comparisons resulted in the establishment of a modified organic flocculation procedure to concentrate viruses desorbed from sewage sludge solids with currently available modified powdered beef extracts. The method, based on supplementation with paste beef extract floc, ac...