The frequency of extreme heat effects has recently increased in European cities due to climate change. problem appears be critical urban areas where manmade structures significantly alter the temperature balance, thus highlighting importance sustainable management and proper inventory green zones. Based on this, paper provides a case study using combination open-access low-cost greenery methods...

Partially shaded photovoltaic (PV) modules typically exhibit additional difficulties in tracking the maximum power point since their power–voltage characteristics are complex and may have multiple local maxima. For this reason, conventional techniques fail to track the maximum power point effectively if the PV array is partially shaded or some of its cells are damaged. This paper presents a nov...

The classroom space located in the attic of an old building is subject this study. was renovated and new spaces were created unused to expand classrooms. original under sloping roof not used because its internal headroom suitable. During restoration, entire truss raised gradually (in parts) by 1.2 m. This a with area that can be for Continuous strips vertical windows measuring 860/600 mm instal...

The aim of this paper is to investigate some properties of pre-I-open sets, semi-I-open sets and b-I-open sets in ideal topological spaces. Some relationships of pre-I-open sets, semi-I-open sets and b-I-open sets in ideal topological spaces are discussed. Moreover, decompositions of continuity are provided. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: 54A05, 54A10, 54C08, 54C10.