Shear-wave splitting, observed in microearthquake records at The NW and SE Geysers geothermal fields, CA has proved to be effective in the detection of subsurface crack orientations and crack densities. Crust anisotropy due to patterns of stress-aligned fractures causes approaching shear-waves to split into fast and slow arrivals. Within the shear-wave window of a given seismic station, the mea...

Recent shear wave splitting measurements from the fore-arc region of the Ryukyu subduction system show large magnitude (0.3–1.6 s) trenchparallel splitting in both local and teleseismic phases. The similarity of splitting parameters associated with shallow local-S and teleseismic phases suggests that the source of anisotropy is located in the fore-arc mantle. One explanation for this pattern of...

Seismic anisotropy and P-wave delays in New Zealand imply widespread deformation in the underlying mantle, not slip on a narrow fault zone, which is characteristic of plate boundaries in oceanic regions. Large magnitudes of shear-wave splitting and orientations of fast polarization parallel to the Alpine fault show that pervasive simple shear of the mantle lithosphere has accommodated the cumul...

[1] Shear wave splitting observed in microearthquake data at the axis of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge near 35 N has a fast polarization direction that is parallel to the trend of the axial valley. The time delays between fast and slow S wave arrivals range from 35 to 180 ms, with an average of 90 ms, and show no relationship with ray path length, source-toreceiver azimuth, or receiver location. The a...

The lattice Boltzmann space/time discretisation, as usually derived from integration along characteristics, is shown to correspond to a Strang splitting between decoupled streaming and collision steps. Strang splitting offers a second-order accurate approximation to evolution under the combination of two non-commuting operators, here identified with the streaming and collision terms in the disc...

In many transport-chemistry models, a huge system of ODE's of the advection-diffusion-reaction type has to be integrated in time. Typically, this is done with the help of operator splitting. Operator splitting is attractive for complex large-scale transport-chemistry models because it allows to handle different processes separately in different parts of the computer program. Rosenbrock schemes ...

Singular diffusion equations such as total variation (TV) and balanced forward–backward (BFB) diffusion are appealing: They have a finite extinction time, and experiments show that piecewise constant structures evolve. Unfortunately, their implementation is awkward. The goal of this paper is to introduce a novel class of numerical methods for these equations in the 2D case. They are simple to i...