نتایج جستجو برای: short term memory

تعداد نتایج: 1107700  

Journal: :The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences 2008
Philippe Goffaux Natalie A Phillips Marco Sinai Dolores Pushkar

We investigated age-related differences in task-switching performance by using behavioral measures and event-related brain potentials. We tested younger and older adults, and we separated older adults into groups with high and low working memory (WM); that is, we separated them into old-high-WM and old-low-WM groups. On average, all participants responded more slowly in mixed-task than in singl...

Journal: :Consciousness and cognition 2015
Peter Carruthers

This paper argues that our awareness of the mental states of other agents is often perceptual in character. It draws partly on recent experimental findings concerning perception of animacy and intentionality. But it also emphasizes the unencapsulated nature of perception generally, and argues that concepts (including mental-state concepts) can be bound into the contents of conscious perception....

2015
Paul A. Howard-Jones Tim Jay Alice Mason Harvey Jones

We hypothesized that embedding educational learning in a game would improve learning outcomes, with increased engagement and recruitment of cognitive resources evidenced by increased activation of working memory network (WMN) and deactivation of default mode network (DMN) regions. In an fMRI study, we compared activity during periods of learning in three conditions that were increasingly game-l...

Journal: :The American journal of psychology 2009
Whitney A Hansen Stephen D Goldinger

Individual differences in working memory (WM) predict principled variation in tasks of reasoning, response time, memory, and other abilities. Theoretically, a central function of WM is keeping task-relevant information easily accessible while suppressing irrelevant information. The present experiment was a novel study of mental control, using performance in the game Taboo as a measure. We teste...

Journal: :Psychology and aging 2015
Andrew J Aschenbrenner David A Balota

Past studies have suggested that Stroop interference increases with age; however the robustness of this effect after controlling for processing speed has been questioned. Both working memory (WM) and the congruency of the immediately preceding trial have also been shown to moderate the magnitude of Stroop interference. Specifically, interference is smaller both for individuals with higher worki...

Journal: :Journal of vision 2013
Efsun Annac Angela A Manginelli Stefan Pollmann Zhuanghua Shi Hermann J Müller Thomas Geyer

Repeated display configurations improve visual search. Recently, the question has arisen whether this contextual cueing effect (Chun & Jiang, 1998) is itself mediated by attention, both in terms of selectivity and processing resources deployed. While it is accepted that selective attention modulates contextual cueing (Jiang & Leung, 2005), there is an ongoing debate whether the cueing effect is...

2017
Nadiia Denhovska Ludovica Serratrice

Incidental learning of grammar has been an area of interest for many decades; nevertheless, existing research has primarily focused on artificial or semi-artificial languages. The present study examines the incidental acquisition of the grammar of a natural language by exposing adult speakers of an ungendered L1 (English) to the gender agreement patterns in Russian (a language that was novel to...

Journal: :Acta psychologica 2016
Yi Pan Xiu Hou

Recent research has shown that the contents of working memory can alter our perceptual experiences of visual matching stimuli. However, it is possible that different kinds of working memory representations may distort visual perception in different ways. In the present study, we associated working memory representations with different attentional tags and then examined their effects on perceive...

Journal: :Behavior research methods 2015
Frederick L Oswald Samuel T McAbee Thomas S Redick David Z Hambrick

Working memory capacity is one of the most frequently measured individual difference constructs in cognitive psychology and related fields. However, implementation of complex span and other working memory measures is generally time-consuming for administrators and examinees alike. Because researchers often must manage the tension between limited testing time and measuring numerous constructs re...

2013
Lisa Scocchia Matteo Valsecchi Karl R. Gegenfurtner Jochen Triesch

The way we perceive the visual world depends crucially on the state of the observer. In the present study we show that what we are holding in working memory (WM) can bias the way we perceive ambiguous structure from motion stimuli. Holding in memory the percept of an unambiguously rotating sphere influenced the perceived direction of motion of an ambiguously rotating sphere presented shortly th...

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