The radiation budget at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) is a quantity of fundamental importance to the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program. Thus, it is necessary to measure the radiation budget components, broadband shortwave albedo and outgoing longwave radiation (OLR), as accurately as possible. Measurement of OLR over the ARM surface sites has only been possible since the advent ...

The use of radiative kernels to diagnose climate feedbacks is a recent development that may be applied to existing climate change simulations. We apply the radiative kernel technique to transient simulations from a multithousand member perturbed physics ensemble of coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation models, comparing distributions of model feedbacks with those taken from the CMIP-3 mu...

[1] The response of water vapor and clouds to El Niño warming over the tropical Pacific in the most recent three versions of the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Community Atmosphere Model (CAM2, T42 CAM3, and T85 CAM3) is quantified and compared to observations. It is found that all three models have a stronger response in the greenhouse effect of water vapor than that indicated...

Abstract The Southern Ocean is covered by a large amount of clouds with high cloud albedo. However, as reported previous climate model intercomparison projects, underestimated cloudiness and overestimated absorption solar radiation (ASR) over the lead to substantial biases in sensitivity. present study revisits this long-standing issue explores uncertainty sources latest CMIP6 models. We employ...

Abstract. Surface-based measurements of broadband shortwave (solar) and longwave (infrared) radiative fluxes using thermopile radiometers are made regularly around the globe for scientific operational environmental monitoring. The occurrence ice on sensor windows in cold environments – whether snow, rime, or frost is a common problem that difficult to prevent as well correct post-processing. Ba...

Few of the Pelecaniformes are globally threatened, although some island and inland populations of pelecaniform birds have become extinct in the face of habitat loss and contamination. In some species (e.g., double-crested cormorant, white pelican), numbers are increasing with near-exponential growth, while in others (e.g., Dalmatian pelican) population abundance is rapidly decreasing. Island sp...

[1] Clear sky downwelling longwave radiation (Rldc) and cloudy sky downwelling longwave radiation (Rld) formulas were tested across eleven sites in Florida. The Brunt equation, using air vapor pressure and temperature measurements, provides the best Rldc estimates with a root mean square error of less than around 12 Wm 2 across all sites. The Crawford and Duchon’s cloudiness factor with Brunt e...