Several candidate genes for non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) map on chromosome 20, including the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene (PCK1) and one of the maturity onset diabetes of the young genes (MODY1). Thus, we have investigated the entire long arm of chromosome 20. Linkage analyses were conducted in a total sample of 148 NIDDM families (301 NIDDM sib pairs) and in a subs...

OBJECTIVE We propose a new test for rare variant mapping, based on an affected sib-pair sample and a control sample. In each sib-pair, only the index case needs to be sequenced, and the number of alleles shared identical-by-descent between the sibs is used as complementary information. The test makes use of both association and linkage information. We compare this test to the Armitage test on c...

BACKGROUND Tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of serotonin. Low turnover rate of this monoamine neurotransmitter is associated with impaired impulse control. We previously reported that, in Finns, TPH genotype was associated with suicidality, a pathophysiological mechanism that may involve impaired impulse control. METHODS Association and sib-pair linkag...

Diseases triggered by an abnormally high level of cortisol (hypercortisolism), such as the Cushing's and metabolic syndromes, could be successfully tackled by inhibitors of CYP11B1, a steroidal cytochrome P450 enzyme that catalyzes the last hydroxylation step of the cortisol biosynthesis. Structural optimization of 7-(benzyloxy)-4-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-2H-chromen-2-one 2, a selective aromata...

Monkeys that receive chronic low-dose 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) administration have difficulty performing numerous cognitive tasks. This study further examines the extent to which chronic low-dose MPTP exposure affects performance of a visual memory task [variable delayed response (VDR)] with both attentional and short-term memory components and assesses the effects o...

OBJECTIVE The research quantitatively evaluates the dosimetric advantage of a helical tomotherapy (HT) intensity-modulated radiation therapy simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) compared to a conventional HT sequential (SEQ) boost for primary intracranial tumors. METHODS Hypothetical lesions (planning target volumes or PTVs) were contoured within computed tomography scans from normal controls....

1. Sib mating avoidance is a pervasive behaviour, which likely evolves in species that sare subject to inbreeding depression. Laboratory studies have provided elegant demonstrations, but small-scale bioassays often minimize the costs associated with mate finding and mate-choice and may for this reason produce spurious findings. 2. We inferred the mating behaviour of the parasitoid wasp Venturia...

Ionic liquids (ILs) were synthesized inside a porous metal-organic framework (MIL-101) via a ship-in-bottle (SIB) technique. Unlike previously reported IL-incorporated MIL-101s, IL@MIL-101 prepared by the SIB approach was very stable over several cycles for the liquid phase adsorption of benzothiophene from liquid fuel.

Background: This study was performed to assess patient survival and treatment toxicity after helical tomotherapy (HT) with simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) radiotherapy (RT) for cancer patients with one to eight brain metastases (BM) who have been treated with or without surgery. Materials and Methods: A total of 48 brain metastasis (BM) patients were included in this retrospective study bet...

OBJECTIVE To identify whether the combination of pre-treatment radiological and clinical factors can predict the overall survival (OS) in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) treated with stereotactic body radiation and sequential S-1 (a prodrug of 5-FU combined with two modulators) therapy with improved accuracy compared with that of established clinical and radiologic risk ...