Mammalian vision has a lowpass frequency characteristic that filters out fast temporal oscillations. Thus, fast-drifting gratings cannot be detected with static eyes, but the same gratings can easily be detected by executing saccades. Because these gratings are invisible under fixation, they are useful for isolating and studying intrasaccadic perception, which is normally masked by presaccadic ...

We provide a general mechanism to design online learning algorithms based on a minimax analysis within a drifting-games framework. Different online learning settings (Hedge, multi-armed bandit problems and online convex optimization) are studied by converting into various kinds of drifting games. The original minimax analysis for drifting games is then used and generalized by applying a series ...

Perception of an oriented pattern is impaired in the presence of a superimposed orthogonal mask. This masking effect most likely arises in visual cortex, where neuronal responses are suppressed by masks having a broad range of orientations. Response suppression is commonly ascribed to lateral inhibition between cortical neurons. Recent physiological results, however, have cast doubt on this vie...

Dynamic Visual Acuity (DVA) can be measured from two types of equivalently considered movement referred to as drifting-motion and displacement-motion. Displacement motion can be best described as the horizontal displacement of a stimulus, thus implying pursuit eye movements, and involves moving the stimulus from the fixation point of gaze towards the periphery. The drifting motion of a Gabor pa...

The formation of long-term memories for food sources is essential for the survival of most animals. Long-term memory formation in mammalian species has been demonstrated through a variety of conditioning tasks, however, the nature of long-term memory in fish is less known. In the current study, we explored whether African cichlids (Labidochromis caeruleus) could form memories for food-reinforce...

The aim of this study was to use an equivalent noise paradigm to investigate the development and maturation of motion perception, and how the underlying limitations of sampling efficiency and internal noise effect motion detection and direction discrimination in school-aged children (5-14 years) and adults. Contrast energy thresholds of a 2c/deg sinusoidal grating drifting at 1.0 or 6.0 Hz were...

Wireless sensors and mobile devices have been widely deployed as data collecting devices for monitoring real world systems. A large amount of stream data is generated in real-time, which has to be processed in real-time as well. One of the common processing operations is clustering that automatically groups the elements of a stream into a number of clusters in general. Elements of the same clus...

This study investigates patterns of topical migration, specifically interactional dynamics of conceptual drifting and metacognition as counteracting forces, in interactive information retrieval. “Think aloud” sessions of exploratory search conducted by five graduate students were recorded, and the audio recordings were first coded into semistructured notes and then converted into flow graphs fo...

Dual phase time projection chamber using liquid xenon as target material is one of most successful detectors for dark matter direct search, and has improved the sensitivities searching weakly interacting massive particles by almost five orders magnitudes in past several decades. However, it still remains a great challenge dual to be used detector next-generation search experiments (∼ 50 tonne s...

Knowledge discovery from infinite data streams is an important and difficult task.We are facing two challenges, the overwhelming volume and the concept drifts of the streaming data. In this chapter, we introduce a general framework for mining concept-drifting data streams using weighted ensemble classifiers. We train an ensemble of classification models, such as C4.5, RIPPER, naive Bayesian, et...