This study proposes a new approach to prioritize the key company’s indicators and relative elements following process model of intellectual capital (IC). The IC is improved by the application of analytic network process (ANP). The ANP provides the weights and priorities to all focused key performance indicators (KPIs) serving to the business concept. These obtained weights can also be passed to...

In the Solvency II framework, insurance companies need to calculate the Best Estimate valuation of Liabilities (BEL) and the Market Value Margin (MVM) for non-hedgeable insurancetechnical risks. The Cost-of-Capital approach defines the MVM as the present value of the current and future Solvency Capital Requirement (SCR) of the non-hedgeable risks to protect against adverse developments in the r...