STUDY OBJECTIVE The aim was to examine the effect of maternal age, gravidity, marital status, previous perinatal deaths, and parental social class on babies born low birthweight, preterm, and small for gestational age. DESIGN The study used data on discharge summaries from all maternity hospitals in Scotland. SETTING The study was based on all singleton deliveries in Scotland. PARTICIPANT...

BACKGROUND For the past two decades, several studies have reported associations between elevated levels of ambient air pollution and adverse pregnancy outcomes, although with varying conclusions. OBJECTIVES To examine possible associations between the traffic pollution situation at the home address, for women who did not change address during pregnancy, and three types of pregnancy outcomes: ...

INTRODUCTION Intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR) is present in about 3-10% of live-born newborns and it is as high as 20-30% in developing countries. Since the 1990s, it has been known that abnormalities during foetal growth may result in cardiovascular disease, including hypertension in adulthood. METHODS This study evaluated blood pressure parameters (using ambulatory blood pressure mon...

BACKGROUND Stillbirth classifications use various strategies to synthesise information associated with fetal demise with the aim of identifying key causes for the death. RECODE is a hierarchical classification of death-related conditions, which grants a major place to fetal growth restriction (FGR). Our objective was to explore how placement of FGR in the hierarchy affected results from the cla...

OBJECTIVES We examined the relationship between adverse reproductive outcomes and exposure to several disinfection by-products including haloacetic acids (HAAs), trihalomethanes (THMs), and the brominated THMs sum (THMBr). METHODS Second- and third-trimester exposure scores were estimated from quarterly town-level average THM and HAA concentration data and were examined relative to mean birth...

AIM To assess the relative significance for cognitive development of small for gestational age, parental demographic factors, and factors related to the child rearing environment. METHODS IQ of a population based cohort of 338 term infants who were small for gestational age (SGA) and without major handicap, and a random control sample of 335 appropriate for gestational age (AGA) infants were ...

BACKGROUND The antenatal detection of fetal growth restriction is a focus point of antenatal care. If detected fetal demise may be prevented and perinatal complications could be managed more appropriately. AIMS To investigate whether introducing serial plotting on customised fundal height charts can increase the detection rate of small for gestational age (SGA) fetuses in low risk nulliparous...

The serum leptin concentration reflects the amount of adipose tissue in the body. Although fat deposition in the fetus in the third trimester markedly increases, the role of leptin during pregnancy has not been clarified. In the present study, whether or not the serum leptin concentration correlates with growth in utero was investigated, in addition to how leptin levels change in the first few ...

PURPOSE To follow the maturation of the auditory pathway of infants born small for gestational age term, by studying absolute and interpeak latencies of Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) in the first six months of life. METHODS Multicentric prospective longitudinal study. The ABR was carried out in the neonatal period in 96 newborn infants, 49 small for gestational age (SGA) and 47 appropriat...

The aim in this study was to determine the factors affecting leptin and soluble leptin receptor (sOB-R) levels in term small for gestational age (SGA) and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) newborns. The study group consisted of SGA (n=20) and AGA (n=20) newborns and their mothers. The leptin and sOB-R levels were tested using the ELISA method. The cord blood leptin concentrations were found...