Sustainable palm oil certification has become a global demand, particularly in the market. However, implementation of both Roundtable Palm Oli (RSPO) and Indonesian Oil (ISPO) schemes is relatively slow. This study aims to analyze what extent incentives can accelerate sustainable certification, from sources those be arranged, types are appropriate for smallholders. The research uses quantitativ...

Food security in the East African Highlands is dependent upon the productivity of lands managed by smallholders who face difficult challenges in maintaining the fertility of their soils. A study was conducted to identify indicators of soil fertility status that are consistent with farmers’ perceptions of soil fertility. Physical, chemical and biological properties of soils were measured from pa...

Annual deforestation rates in the Brazilian Amazon fell by 77% between 2004 and 2011, yet have stabilized since 2009 at 5,000-7,000 km(2). We provide the first submunicipality assessment, to our knowledge, of actor-specific contributions to the deforestation slowdown by linking agricultural census and remote-sensing data on deforestation and forest degradation. Almost half (36,158 km(2)) of the...

Increasing agricultural productivity through irrigation technologies is recognized as an effective way to improve smallholders’ livelihoods and food security in developing countries. However, most smallholder farmers do not have access technologies. Using a double-bounded contingent valuation survey data from smallholders Ethiopia probit bivariate models, this paper analyzes farmers’ demand for...