In this paper, we report on a project applying participatory design methods to include people who have experience of social exclusion (in one form or another) in designing possible technologies for e-(local)-government services. The work was part of a project for the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister in the UK, and was concerned with ‘access tokens’ that can provide personal identification fo...

It is generally accepted that convergence is well established for regional Canadian per capita outputs. The authors present evidence that long-run movements are driven by two stochastic common trends in this time series. This evidence casts doubt on the convergence hypothesis for Canada. Another prevalent belief is that Canada forms an optimal currency area (OCA). The authors uncover three seri...

introduction during the last century and in a period of time called modern history of iran we have seen different changes in urban communities, in general, and urban and rural areas of kurdistan, in particular. the range and power of such changes has been such that we can claim it has changed the “life world” of iranians noticeably. mukerian as the case of this study is faced, in one hand, with...

By SHAW FRIEDMAN LaPORTE Say it ain’t so, Joe. Not only are many of your criticisms of local government off base, but it appears this governor is cynically using your help on his Blue Ribbon Commmission to aid his own re-election effort. Don’t let him get away with it. One local Mitch booster here in LaPorte practically gushes when he talks about it. He can’t believe their good fortune that Mit...

Standard Phillips curve models relating price inflation to measures of slack in the economy suggest that the United States should have experienced an episode of deflation during the Great Recession and the subsequent sluggish recovery. But although inflation reached very low levels, prices continued to rise rather than fall. More recently, many observers have argued that inflation should have i...

Island populations have been extensively used as model systems in ecology, biogeography, conservation and evolutionary biology, owing to the several simplifying assumptions that they allow. Nevertheless, recent findings from intra-island phylogeographic studies are casting doubts on the generality of some of these underlying assumptions. We investigated the phylogeography, historical demography...

It has now been over 35 years since hidden Markov Models were first applied to the problem of speech recognition ([2], [7]). Moreover, it has now been over 20 years since the speech recognition community seemed to collectively adopt the HMM paradigm as the most useful general approach to the fundamental problem of modeling speech. Perhaps a key turning point in this regard was Kai-Fu Lee’s thes...