BACKGROUND Despite abundant evidence that socio-economic status (SES) is a fundamental determinant of health, there is a dearth of research examining association between SES, measured at the individual and community levels, and cardiovascular risk factors and morbidity among indigenous populations. OBJECTIVES To examine the influence of individual-level and community-level SES on systolic and...

BACKGROUND The independent influence of childhood social circumstances on health in later life remains uncertain. We examined the extent to which childhood socio-economic circumstances are related to the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in older British men, taking account of adult social class and behavioural risk factors. METHODS A socio-economically representative sample of 5552 Britis...

Epidemics of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in major Brazilian cities are new phenomena since 1980. As determinants of transmission in urban settings probably operate at different geographic scales, and information is not available for each scale, a multilevel approach was used to examine the effect of canine infection and environmental and socio-economic factors on the spatial variability of inci...

BACKGROUND Keelung City has the highest suicide rate in Taiwan. This study aimed to determine whether meteorological and socio-economic factors are associated with suicide mortality in Keelung City, by gender and by means of suicide. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Data on suicides between January 2006 and December 2010 were provided by the Department of Health, Keelung City Government. The suicide vict...

OBJECTIVE AND METHOD The number of tuberculosis (TB) deaths in Japan has decreased by 9% in the past 10 years. As of 2012, the death rate was 1.7 per 100,000 populations. Many studies have reported on the clinical factors associated with the number of TB deaths in Japan, and have identified aging to be a major cause of death among patients with TB. However, death among younger patients with TB ...

conclusions lower agreeableness, decreased conscientiousness, higher neuroticism, diminished openness, low socio-economic status, and male sex might make university students more inclined to substance abuse. thus, it is reasonable to show the importance of these factors in tailored prevention programs. results being male sex and neuroticism had a significant positive role in predicting positive...

The main objective of this study was to assess whether dental caries status was related to nutritional status in preschool urban Brazilian children aged 12-59 months. Dental and anthropometric examinations were conducted on 1,018 12-59-month-old children during the National Day of Children Vaccination. Dental caries prevalence and severity were measured using the decayed, missing or filled surf...

INTRODUCTION Pain is one of the most prevalent unpleasant sensation in people that may significantly lower the quality of life. More than a half of cancer patients suffer from various forms of pain, which becomes more frequent and intense as disease progresses. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to assess the degree of pain control in patients diagnosed with breast, lung, colorectal and...

BACKGROUND While the gender disparity in health and mortality in various stages of life in India is well documented, there is limited evidence on female disadvantage in health-care expenditure (HCE). AIMS Examine the gender difference in HCE in short-term and major morbidity in India, and understand the role of factors underlying the difference. DATA AND METHODS Using two rounds of national...