This investigation examined the effect of mechanical loading state on focal adhesion kinase (FAK), paxillin, and serum response factor (SRF) in rat skeletal muscle. We found that FAK concentration and tyrosine phosphorylation, paxillin concentration, and SRF concentration are all lower in the lesser load-bearing fast-twitch plantaris and gastrocnemius muscles compared with the greater load-bear...

Context: Contemporary wide variety of footwear is one the main reason for increased incidence Achilles Tendon Disorders (ATDs). Introduction: Flexed knee heel rise (FKHR) task exploited clinically to evaluate and rehabilitate Soleus (SOL) muscle. FKHR done in variable without considering its influence on muscles. Information lacking about leg muscles FKHR. This understanding vital clinical effi...

In patients with hyperkalemic periodic paralysis (HyperKPP), attacks of muscle weakness or paralysis are triggered by K(+) ingestion or rest after exercise. Force can be restored by muscle work or treatment with β(2)-adrenoceptor agonists. A missense substitution corresponding to a mutation in the skeletal muscle voltage-gated Na(+) channel (Na(v)1.4, Met1592Val) causing human HyperKPP was targ...

[Purpose] This study aimed to determine whether muscle atrophy induced by ischemic reperfusion injury in rats can be prevented by the administration of antioxidants. [Subjects] Rats were randomly divided into three groups: the non-treated group, vitamin C group, and vitamin E group. [Methods] Ischemia was induced in the right lower limb a pressure of 300 mmHg for 90 minutes.Vitamin injections w...

Cachexia is commonly seen in cancer and is characterized by severe muscle wasting, but little is known about the effect of cancer cachexia on expression of contractile protein isoforms such as myosin. Other causes of muscle atrophy shift expression of myosin isoforms toward increased fast (type II) isoform expression. We injected mice with murine C-26 adenocarcinoma cells, a tumor cell line tha...

Neutrophils phagocyte necrotic debris and release cytokines, enzymes, and oxidative factors. In the present study, we investigated the contribution of neutrophils to muscle injury, dysfunction, and recovery using an unloading and reloading model. Mice were submitted to 10 days of hindlimb unloading and were transiently depleted in neutrophils with anti-Ly6G/Ly6C antibody prior to reloading. Leu...

Effects of heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) gene on the regrowth of atrophied mouse soleus muscles were studied. Both HSF1-null and wild-type mice were subjected to continuous hindlimb suspension for 2 wk followed by 4 wk of ambulation recovery. There was no difference in the magnitude of suspension-related decrease of muscle weight, protein content, and the cross-sectional area of musc...

The aim of this investigation was to document the exercise program used by crewmembers (n = 9; 45 +/- 2 yr) while aboard the International Space Station (ISS) for 6 mo and examine its effectiveness for preserving calf muscle characteristics. Before and after spaceflight, we assessed calf muscle volume (MRI), static and dynamic calf muscle performance, and muscle fiber types (gastrocnemius and s...

Branvold DJ, Allred DR, Beckstead DJ, Kim HJ, Fillmore N, Condon BM, Brown JD, Sudweeks SN, Thomson DM, Winder WW. Thyroid hormone effects on LKB1, MO25, phospho-AMPK, phosphoCREB, and PGC-1 in rat muscle. J Appl Physiol 105: 1218–1227, 2008. First published July 31, 2008; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00997.2007.— Expression of all of the isoforms of the subunits of AMP-activated protein kinase (AM...

Jensen TE, Rose AJ, Hellsten Y, Wojtaszewski JF, Richter EA. Caffeine-induced Ca release increases AMPK-dependent glucose uptake in rodent soleus muscle. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 293: E286–E292, 2007. First published April 3, 2007; doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00693.2006.—Previous studies have proposed that caffeine-induced activation of glucose transport in skeletal muscle is independent of AMP-ac...