Abdominal traumatism (AT) produces lesions in the wall or content (viscera, mesos, vascular ducts, biliopancreatic, urinary tract). The abdomen can be injured isolation, although about a third of pediatric polytraumatisms are associated with AT. AT implies high vital risk due to two circumstances: hemorrhage injury solid organs blood vessels and peritonitis perforation hollow viscera. global mo...

OBJECTIVES To describe the design, development and implementation of an organ and tissue donation after cardiac death (DCD) program, evaluate its success and assess its impact on tissue and organ availability and the number of donors after brain death. DESIGN, PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING Prospective collection of patient characteristics and outcomes for actual and potential donors from 2000 to 2...

Immune suppression and increased apoptotic loss of circulating lymphocytes have been reported after burn injury. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms responsible for the increased apoptosis of lymphoid and parenchymal cells in solid organs and the role played by inflammatory mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and Fas ligand (FasL), as well as by gluco...

The lymphatic vasculature collects and drains fluid and cells from the periphery through lymph nodes (LNs) for immune monitoring, and then returns lymph to the bloodstream. During immune responses LNs enlarge and remodel, featuring extensive growth of lymphatic sinuses (lymphangiogenesis). This LN lymphangiogenesis also arises in cancer, and is associated with altered lymph drainage through LNs...

SUMMARY: Organ transplantation has developed over the past 50 years to reach the sophisticated and integrated clinical service of today through several advances in science. One of the most important of these has been the ability to apply organ preservation protocols to deliver donor organs of high quality, via a network of organ exchange to match the most suitable recipient patient to the best ...

In Robot-assisted Minimally Invasive Surgery (RMIS), robotic tools enter the body through narrow openings and manipulate soft organs that can move, deform, or change in stiffness. The traditional robotic manipulation concepts that rely on fixed stiffness distributions, such as the da Vinci Robotic System, have limitations on these laparoscopic and robot-assisted surgical procedures due to restr...

Preclinical studies in animals and ex vivo human blood have provided a solid rationale for conducting prospective randomized trials in trauma patients. Small animal models have been utilized to study the efficacy of recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa; NovoSeven) in treating thrombocytopenic rabbits and for the reversal of anticoagulation. Safety models in the rabbit also exist to test for...

It is challenging to monitor the health of transplanted organs, particularly with respect to rejection by the host immune system. Because transplanted organs have genomes that are distinct from the recipient's genome, we used high throughput shotgun sequencing to develop a universal noninvasive approach to monitoring organ health. We analyzed cell-free DNA circulating in the blood of heart tran...

The critical shortage of donor organs has spurred investigation of alternative approaches to either generate replacement organs or implant exogenous cells for treatment of end-stage organ failure. Non-thermal irreversible electroporation (NTIRE), which uses brief high electric field pulses to induce irreversible permeabilization of cell membranes, has emerged as a technique for tumor ablation. ...

It is well established that tumors evolve together with nonmalignant cells, such as fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and immune cells. These cells constantly entangle and interact with each other creating the tumor microenvironment. Immune cells can exert both tumor-promoting and tumor-protective functions. Detailed phenotypic and functional characterization of intra-tumoral immune cell subsets ...