In their famous book, Ford and Fulkerson [ 3 ] state that the situation in which there are multiple sources and sinks, with flow permitted from any source to any sink, presents nothing new. They claim that a multiple source, multiple sink network reduces to a single source, single sink network by the adjunction of a supersource, a supersink, and several arcs. That is of course true if only a ma...

The oceans play an important role in the geochemical cycle of methyl bromide (CH3Br), the major carrier of O3-destroying bromine to the stratosphere. The quantity of CH3Br produced annually in seawater is comparable to the amount entering the atmosphere each year from natural and anthropogenic sources. The production mechanism is unknown but may be biological. Most of this CH3Br is consumed in ...

Current and past land use practices are critical in determining the distribution and size of global terrestrial carbon (C) sources and sinks. Although fossil fuel emissions dominate the anthropogenic perturbation of the global C cycle, land use still drives the largest portion of anthropogenic emissions in a number of tropical regions of Asia. The size of the emission flux owing to land use cha...

A new category of intelligent sensor network applications emerges where motion is a fundamental characteristic of the system under consideration. In such applications, sensors are attached to vehicles, or people that move around large geographic areas. For instance, in mission critical applications of wireless sensor networks (WSNs), sinks can be associated to first responders. In such scenario...

Academic research is driven by several factors causing different disciplines to act as “sources” or “sinks” of knowledge. However, how the flow of authors’ research interests – a proxy of human knowledge – evolved across time is still poorly understood. Here, we build a comprehensive map of such flows across one century, revealing fundamental periods in the raise of interest in areas of human k...

We search for sources and sinks of solar p-mode waves by creating absorption maps from Dopplergrams taken by the Michelson Doppler Interferometer (MDI) instrument on board SOHO. Although the maps are noisy, we present evidence for sources and sinks, of duration 0.5 { 1 hour or less, based on an autocorrelation analysis of maps made from sequential intervals of data. Emission and absorption near...

a communication net is usually represented by a linear graph g whose branches represent channels for information flow and whose vertices represent sources, sinks and switching centers. the purpose of this paper is to show that for modeling digital communication nets, conventional use of the concepts of capacity and terminal capacity is inadequate . we will present an alternative to max-flow min...