Since 2008, National University of Tainan (NUTN) in Taiwan and other academic organizations have hosted or organized several human vs. challenged the humans in the competition. In addition to observing how many advances have been made in artificial intelligence, the competition also observed physiological measurements for testing cognitive science on the game of Go. The topic is " the Most Stra...

In graphics and language, schematization is an important method to emphasize certain aspects and to deemphasize others. Different disciplines use schematization for different reasons. In cartography, graphic schematization is one aspect of map generalization. In contrast, cognitive science addresses schematization as a method to intentionally emphasize certain aspects of knowledge beyond techni...

Spatial Data Mining (SDM) is a complex phenomenon as it deals with data that represents both spatial and non-spatial correlations in spatial databases. SDM extracts latent and implicit trends in spatial data to acquire business intelligence which support expert decision making. Spatial database is very vast as it can hold the spatial objects spread across the globe. Mining such databases have p...

A number of approaches for integrating GIS and qualitative research have emerged in recent years. Despite significant growth in public participation GIS (PPGIS) literature since the 1990s, little engagement by e-government scholars is evident in the extensive scholarly PPGIS debates. To fill this void, recent trends in PPGIS adoption by local governments are analyzed. Three waves of GIS are ide...

There is evidence suggesting that children's play with spatial toys (e.g., puzzles and blocks) correlates with spatial development. Females play less with spatial toys than do males, which arguably accounts for males' spatial advantages; children with high socioeconomic status (SES) also show an advantage, though SES-related differences in spatial play have been less studied than gender-related...

Neuroimaging studies have revealed associations between intelligence and brain morphology. However, researchers have focused primarily on the anatomical features of the cerebral cortex, whereas subcortical structures, such as the basal ganglia (BG), have often been neglected despite extensive functional evidence on their relation with higher-order cognition. Here we performed shape analyses to ...

Spatial representation and thinking have evolutionary importance for anymobile organism. In addition, they help reasoning in domains that are not obviously spatial, for example, through the use of graphs and diagrams. This article reviews the literature suggesting that mental spatial transformation abilities, while present in some precursory form in infants, toddlers, and preschool children, al...

The new technologies of computer systems and artificial intelligence enable new directions in art. One new direction is the creation of highly interactive works based on computation. We describe several interactive artworks and show that there are strong similarities that transcend categories such as drama, music, and dance. Examining interactive art as a general approach, we identify one impor...

XML and Web Services technologies have revolutionized the way data are exchanged on the Internet. Meanwhile, Spatial OLAP (SOLAP) tools have emerged to bridge the gap between the Business Intelligence and Geographic Information Systems domains. While Web Services specifications such as XML for Analysis enable the use of OLAP tools in Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) environments, no solution...