In this chapter, a framework will be presented for measuring and modeling transport processes using novel visualization techniques and extended optical flow techniques for digital image sequence analysis. In this way, parameters besides the 2-D xy velocity components can be extracted concurrently from the acquired 2-D image sequences, such as wall shear rates and momentum transport close to bou...

A spatiotemporal stochastic simulation approach for constructing maps of daily precipitation at regional scales in a hindcast mode is proposed in this paper. Parametric temporal trend models of precipitation are first established at the available rain gauges. Temporal trend model parameters are then regionalized in space accounting for their spatial autoand cross-correlation, as well as for the...

This chapter discusses theoretical and applied research in urban economics on decentralized cities, i.e., cities in which employment is not restricted to the central business district. The first section discusses informally the incentives that firms face to suburbanize. The next section summarizes the theoretical literature on decentralized cities, including both models which solve for the opti...

The urban stream syndrome may not be limited to streams in urbanized watersheds. We measured the spatial pattern of impervious cover in ∼82,800 small watersheds across the conterminous United States by comparing watershed-based and stream-based measures of imperviousness. The watershed-based measure was the commonly used watershed percentage impervious cover. The stream-based measure was the pe...

Surface soil moisture retrieval algorithms based on passive microwave observations, developed and verified at high spatial resolution, were evaluated in a regional scale experiment. Using previous investigations as a base, the Southern Great Plains Hydrology Experiment (SGP97) was designed and conducted to extend the algorithm to coarser resolutions, larger regions with more diverse conditions,...