Kagome lattices are structures possessing fascinating magnetic and vibrational properties, but in spite of a large body of theoretical work, experimental realizations and investigations of their dynamics are scarce. Using a combination of Raman spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations, we study the vibrational properties of two-dimensional silica (2D-SiO2), which has a kagome lat...

Using available signal (i.e., spectral and time-frequency) analysis methods, it can be difficult to detect neural oscillations because of their continuously changing properties (i.e., nonstationarities) and the noise in which they are embedded. Here, we introduce fractally scaled envelope modulation (FSEM) estimation which is sensitive specifically to the changing properties of oscillatory acti...

A new transient Raman thermal probing technique, frequency-resolved Raman (FR-Raman), is developed for probing the transient thermal response of materials and measuring their thermal diffusivity. The FR-Raman uses an amplitude-modulated square-wave laser for simultaneous material heating and Raman excitation. The evolution profile of Raman properties: intensity, Raman wavenumber, and emission, ...

Fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) have previously found many applications as strain and vibration sensors. Here we demonstrate that they may also be employed as pickups for musical instruments and, specifically, for acoustic guitars and solid-body electric guitars. By fixing the FBG to a vibrating part of the instrument's body, e.g., near the bridge of an acoustic guitar or on the headstock of a soli...

A combination of femtosecond electronic absorption and stimulated Raman spectroscopies has been employed to determine the kinetics associated with low-spin to high-spin conversion following charge-transfer excitation of a FeII spin-crossover system in solution. A time constant of tau = 190 +/- 50 fs for the formation of the 5T2 ligand-field state was assigned based on the establishment of two i...

The main challenge in operating cognitive ad-hoc networks is the lack of a centralized controller performing resource allocation for different users in the network. In this chapter, a distributed power allocation scheme is considered for secondary users and its performance is analyzed when time average channel gains are substituted for instantaneous channel gains. In this way, it is not necessa...

We propose a method of suppressing the relative intensity noise caused by polarization-dependent gain that is inherent to Raman polarizers (RPs). This method involves bit-synchronously scrambling the state of polarization of a pulse (bit) before the pulse enters the RP. The proposed solution works for RPs operating in a depleted regime and is compatible with multichannel configurations.

The relationship between climate change and the macroeconomy in pre-industrial Europe has attracted considerable attention in recent years. This study follows the combined paradigms of evolutionary economics and ecological economics, in which wavelet analysis (spectrum analysis and coherence analysis) is applied as the first attempt to examine the relationship between climate change and the mac...

In this paper we present a fast model system for monitoring the recrystallization of quench-cooled amorphous xylitol using Raman spectroscopy and wide-angle X-ray scattering. The use of these two methods enables comparison between surface and bulk crystallization. Non-ordered mesoporous silica micro-particles were added to the system in order to alter the rate of crystallization of the amorphou...