Compulsive buying is an abnormal form of consumer spending which afflicts many individuals who, as a result, often find themselves in deep debt. An instrument to assess compulsive spending behavior is developed and the reliability and validity of the scale and its subscales are evaluated. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses confirm five hypothesized dimensions comprising compulsive spe...

This paper develops a quantitative model of trade, military conflicts, and defense spending. Trade liberalization between two countries reduces probability of an armed conflict between them, causing both to cut defense spending. This in turn causes a domino effect on defense spending by other countries. As a result, both countries and the rest of the world are better off. We estimate the model ...

What determines government spending in South Africa? The paper estimates the determinants of real per capita government spending in the Republic of South Africa, using annual data for the period 1960 to 2007, a tumultuous period during which South Africa experienced a variety of internally imposed changes (e.g., the abolition of apartheid, changes in political institutions) and externally gener...

The analysis begins by using annual data for the US from 1959 to 2003 to examine the macroeconomic relationship between government expenditure on public order and safety, output and investment. In practice, total spending on public order and safety is divided up into four categories (police force, fire service, law courts and prison service) so in the second part of the analysis we test for Gra...

Decisions on litigation spending can be viewed as constituting an iterated nonzero sum game, and thus as conducive to cooperation aimed at reducing spending. At the same time, though, litigants may engage in aggressive spending for various reasons, including a belief that they can outsmart the other party. This article uses a litigation simulation to consider how litigation spending is affected...

this study investigates the causal linkages between military spending and economic growth in opec selected countries (i.e. algeria, angola, nigeria, venezuela, iran, kuwait, saudi arabia and ecuador) by focusing country-specific analysis for the period 1995–2012. for this, the panel causality testing approach, the method developed by emirmahmutoglu and kose (2011) based on the vector autoregres...