Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) plays several important physiological roles, and IGF-related pathways have been implicated in developmental osteochondral disease and endocrinopathic laminitis. This factor is also a downstream marker of growth hormone activity and its peptide mimetics. Unfortunately, previously used assays for measuring equine IGF-1 (radioimmunoassays and ELISAs) are no lon...

Liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) is the most commonly sample preparation procedure used by forensic toxicologists in China for screening drugs in whole human blood. It extracts numerous substances from blood including targeted drugs and interfering substances, specifically triglycerides (TG). With increasing prevalence of hyperlipidemia, the influences of TG on LLE and on subsequent analysis with...

Carbonated water has proven advantages over conventional CO2 injection in terms of arresting free mobility, low-pressure injection, lower volume requirement, and higher efficiency. The term “engineered water” is designated to selective ion-spiked with the advantage ion-exchange reactions rock minerals releasing trapped oil. This article investigated synergic effect dissolved engineered for oil ...

Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia spp., and members of Microsporidia are enteropathogenic parasites of humans and animals, producing asymptomatic to severe intestinal infections. To circumvent various impediments associated with current detection methods, we tested a method providing multistage purification and separation in a single, confined step. Standard real-time PCR was used as a detection me...

Interest in extracellular RNA (exRNA) has intensified as evidence accumulates that these molecules may be useful as indicators of a wide variety of biological conditions. To establish specific exRNA molecules as clinically relevant biomarkers, reproducible recovery from biological samples and reliable measurements of the isolated RNA are paramount. Toward these ends, careful and rigorous compar...

The use of pesticides provides benefits such as growing food products necessary for life, sustainability production efficiency and prevention diseases caused by pests. However, these can turn into negative effects humans other living organisms with the in inappropriate doses application methods. In this study, it was aimed to determine resmethrin, which belongs insecticide class, gas chromatogr...

The absolute bioavailability, clearance and volume of distribution of a drug can be investigated by administering a very low dose of the (14)C-drug intravenously along with a therapeutic nonlabeled dose by the extravascular route (typically orally). The total drug concentration is measured by an assay such as LC-MS and the (14)C-drug is measured by accelerator MS (AMS). In another article in th...

Long-term pesticide water concentrations were investigated in four agricultural streams and their mixture toxicity on algae was assessed, based realistic (i.e. observed) laboratory tests using (i) natural weekly samples (ii) reconstituted pesticide-spiked representing mixtures with predicted high mixture. This approach both covered the full complexity of controlled samples. monitoring data (tim...

The efficiencies of four different methods for the extraction of phospholipids (PLs) and lysophospholipids (LPLs) from human plasma samples were examined by comparing extraction recovery values using nanoflow liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (nLC-ESI-MS). For recovery measurements, six PL and six LPL standards of different head groups were spiked into a human plas...

A quantitative method for clopidogrel using online-SPE tandem LC-MS/MS was developed and fully validated according to the well-established FDA guidelines. The method achieves adequate sensitivity for pharmacokinetic studies, with lower limit of quantifications (LLOQs) as low as 10 pg/mL. Chromatographic separations were performed on reversed phase columns Kromasil Eternity-2.5-C18-UHPLC for bot...