a , b c * Peter Collins , John C. Stevenson , Lori Mosca National Heart and Lung Institute and Royal Brompton Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, Dovehouse Street, London SW3 6LY, UK Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, St. Mary’s Hospital (Mint Wing), Praed Street, London W2 1NY, UK New York Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia Unive...

W e breathe to get oxygen and to get rid of carbon dioxide (CO2). The precise monitoring of CO2 levels in the body is crucial because too much of it makes our blood acidic, which can have toxic effects. Under normal resting conditions, the concentration of CO2 controls our respiratory rate. For example, in most animals, including humans, high levels of CO2 lead to faster breathing. Moreover, ha...

Spotlight summary: Light sources have an indispensable role in everyday life. From the first lamp using animal fat around 70,000 BC, to modern light sources, these have been widely used and developed for diverse applications going much beyond night lighting. For example, light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have been extensively utilized in illumination, e.g. as backlight for various mobile units (such...

A new inquiry hopes to highlight the issue of population, ignored by most politicians.

today with a study showing that it is possible to treat the degenerative brain disorder with cells derived from cloned embryos-a development condemned by the Roman Catholic Church, " the paper reported. " The research was carried out on laboratory mice but scientists believe the findings are proof that the techniques could be applied to humans suffering not just from Parkinson's but a range of ...

There are two general approaches to computer-based statistical modeling that are used by business managers. (In essence, there are two mathematical approaches to creating the underlying "engines" that execute the models.) One approach is referred to as Systems Dynamics and the other is termed Discrete Event Simulation. Either can be effective in analyzing business problems, though as a generali...

Tanzania was one of the countries included in a Multi Country Evaluation (MCE) of Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses (IMCI), coordinated by WHO in 1999-2002. The MCE found that IMCI improved of care for children under 5 years of age, reduced child mortality by 13% and was cost-effective at al, 2004). However, a decade after the introduction of IMCI in Tanzania, training of health work...

Research published in this issue of Neuron from McGinty et al. (2016) suggests that attention may help bind information about value to specific options in economic choice. Responses of orbitofrontal neurons are strongly modulated by the distance from gaze to the position of a reward-predicting target.