Bombardier beetles (Brachinini) use a rapid series of discrete explosions inside their pygidial gland reaction chambers to produce a hot, pulsed, quinone-based defensive spray. The mechanism of brachinines' spray pulsation was explored using anatomical studies and direct observation of explosions inside living beetles using synchrotron x-ray imaging. Quantification of the dynamics of vapor insi...

The introduction of organic solvents into an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) has been studied. Limiting aspiration rates for various organic solvents were determined for a Hildebrand nebuliser with a mini-Pyrex spray chamber, a cooled Pyrex spray chamber and a large Pyrex spray chamber. Detection limits for metal species were determined. Linear dynamic ranges were found to be at least 3-4 orde...

       The formulation of hydrophobic drugs for oral drug delivery is challenging due to poor solubility, poor dissolution and poor wetting of these drugs. Consequently, the aim of this study was to improve the dissolution of a model poorly water soluble drug, ibuprofen. Microparticles containing ibuprofen were produced by spray drying and spray chilling technology in the absence/presence of a ...

although response to intranasal steroid therapy has been reported in pa¬tients with allergic rhinitis, efficacy of some nasal steroids is noteworthy. this study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of a two-week course of fluticasone (flixonase) nasal spray vs. beclomethasone (beconase) nasal spray in patients with symptoms of allergic rhinitis referred to our clinic. this study reviewed six...

The structural and physical stability of solid dispersions have not been adequately explored during spray drying manufacturing processes. In this study a wide range of compositions of naproxen/PVP-VA 64 (poly(1-vinylpyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate)) and miconazole/PVP-VA 64 solid dispersions prepared by different laboratory spray dryers were collected from various selected locations and used to in...

The use of growth promoting and therapeutic antibiotics in piglet feed has been a concerning subject over the last few decades because of the risk of generating antimicrobial resistance that could be transferred to humans. As a result, many products have been proposed as potential alternatives to the use of antibiotics, and among these, spray dried plasma is considered one of the most promising...

The intensity of tropical cyclones is sensitive to the rates at which enthalpy and momentum are transferred between sea and air in the high-wind core of the storm. Present models of the wind dependence of these transfer rates suggest that the effective drag coefficient is more than twice the effective enthalpy transfer coefficient at wind speeds above 25 m s21. Using this ratio in numerical mod...

THE sequence nitrous oxide-oxygen-ethyl chloride is one which has been successfully used by a number of anaesthetists for many years, especially when a pleasant induction followed by brief but deep anaesthesia and rapid recovery, is desired—e.g. for guillotine tonsillectomy in children. The accompanying photograph illustrates an improvisation to a standard Boyle machine with a Magill attachment...

More than half of the Australian cropping land is no-tillage and weed control within continuous no-tillage agricultural cropping area is becoming more and more difficult. A major problem is that the heavy herbicide usage causes some of more prolific weeds becoming more resistant to the regular herbicides and therefore more powerful and more expensive options are being pursued. To overcome such ...

Abstract Experimental investigations were performed on the hollow-cone spray of viscous liquids in high-pressure gas environment, aiming to obtain fundamental knowledge which was indispensable to survey the applicability of non-conventional new liquid fuels for the gas-turbine power-plant. Test liquid employed were water, diesel fuel, palm methyl ester (PME) and silicone-oil #10. The ambient ga...