Although most people recognize that smoking is bad for children's health, one smoking trend among teenagers and adolescents that is only recendy getting the attention it deserves is the use of bidis, thin, handrolled, unfiltered cigarettes made with sundried tobacco that is wrapped in the leaf of the tendu, a plant grown in India's forests. Strong flavors such as vanilla, strawberry, cinnamon, ...

This article argues that competitive electricity markets are prone to the same cycles of boom and bust that appear in commodity markets and in a specialized industry like real estate. The article then demonstrates how boom and bust might appear in the western electricity system using computer simulation. A “business as usual” simulation shows that the west might be at the crest of a building bo...

This paper addresses the question of whether the Bolivian gas boom of the 1990s has bypassed large parts of the poor population, thereby leading to increasing inequalities in an already unequal society. Using a Computable General Equilibrium model that is sequentially linked to a microsimulation model, we examine the transmission channels through which the large resource inflows related to the ...

A study was conducted to analyze the performance of 3 electrostatic (Electrolon BP-2.5, Spectrum Electrostatic 4010, and Spectrum Electrostatic head on a Stihl 420) and 2 conventional (Buffalo Turbine CSM2 and Stihl 420) sprayers for barrier sprays to suppress an adult mosquito population in an enclosed area. Sprayer characteristics such as charge-mass ratio, air velocity, flow rate, and drople...

In the design of supersonic low-boom aircraft, it is important to balance the aerodynamic performance and sonic boom requirements in a way that represents the best compromise for the overall design. Since the ground sonic boom is typically not a smooth function of the design variables and may actually contain multiple local minima, it is important to select an optimization algorithm that is abl...

The research was carried out in order to develop an energy mathematical model of a plant protection unit with trailed sprayer, which makes it possible optimize the parameters and operating modes, taking into account their influence on size loss crop yield. For comparison tendencies changes sprayers established practice, computational experiments were performed using developed model. object stud...