BACKGROUND It has been shown that L4/L5 selective nerve root blocks become nonselective after injecting 1 mL and 0.5 mL of contrast. Volumes of less than 0.5 mL have not been used to determine a volume of definite specificity. OBJECTIVE This study attempts to identify the minimum volume of contrast at which selectivity is maintained without spread to the superior or inferior end plate. STUD...

License plate recognition (LPR) has many applications in traffic monitoring systems. In this paper, a vertical edge matching based algorithm to recognize Korean license plate from input gray-scale image is proposed. The algorithm is able to recognize license plates in normal shape, as well as plates that are out of shape due to the angle of view. The proposed algorithm is fast enough, the recog...

The equal division of chromosomes among daughter cells at mitosis involves a complex series of kinetochore-dependent chromosome movements. The kinetochore-associated CENP-E motor protein is critical for the sustained movement of chromosomes towards the metaphase plate during chromosome congression.

Abstract The horizontal flame spread underneath a photovoltaic (PV) module (or plate) was studied for various gap heights to understand the fundamental fire dynamics between it and flat roof construction. In number of experiments, an opaque black polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) stainless-steel plate were used as surrogate fuel module, respectively. Additional experiments conducted with actual PV...