Since smartphones are usually personal devices full of private information, they are a popular target for a vast variety of real-world attacks such as Code Reuse Attack (CRA). CRAs enable attackers to execute any arbitrary algorithm on a device without injecting an executable code. Since the standard platform for mobile devices is ARM architecture, we concentrate on available ARM-based CRAs. Cu...

background: we aimed to study the curative effects of botulinum a toxin (btx-a) on the treatment of post-herpetic neuralgia (pnh). methods: we enrolled 58 pnh patients and treated them with hypodermic injection of btx-a in xiangyang no.1 people’s hospital, hubei university of medicine, hubei, china. we measured and compared the visual analog score (vas), neuropathy pain scale (nps), quality of ...

A Fault Attack (FA) is performed mainly under the data corruption model and poses a threat to security chips. Instruction can enact same purpose at behavioral level, which produced by interfering with instruction system. Laser Injection (LFI) on program memory during instruction-fetching process, we refer as an attack, studied in this paper. This process bears ability produce controllable fault...