Static muscle contraction activates metabolically sensitive muscle afferents that reflexively increase sympathetic nerve activity and arterial pressure. To determine if this contractioninduced reflex is modulated by the sinoaortic baroreflex, we performed microelectrode recordings of sympathetic nerve activity to resting leg muscle during static handgrip in humans while attempting to clamp the ...

The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of static exercise on dynamic cerebral autoregulation (CA). In nine healthy subjects at rest before, during, and after static handgrip exercise at 30% maximum voluntary contraction, the response to an acute drop in mean arterial blood pressure and middle cerebral artery mean blood velocity was examined. Acute hypotension was induced non...

This study investigated the effects of exercise on the motor function of 11 young people (10 females, one male; age range 11-15y; mean age 12y 7mo [SD 1y 4mo]) with cerebral palsy (CP) who were non-ambulant (Gross Motor Function Classification System Levels IV or V), using an adapted static bicycle. Three participants had dyskinetic quadriplegia, seven had spastic quadriplegia, had spastic quad...

BACKGROUND Dynamic hyperinflation due to increased respiratory frequency during exercise is associated with limitations in exercise capacity in patients with moderately severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). OBJECTIVES The present study assessed whether the manually paced tachypnea (MPT) test, sitting at rest, induces dynamic hyperinflation correlating with exercise capacity in ...

An exaggerated exercise pressor reflex (EPR) occurs in the chronic heart failure (CHF) state, which contributes to exercise intolerance and excessive sympathoexcitation during exercise. Exercise training (ExT) improves abnormal cardiovascular reflexes in CHF. Whether ExT can normalize the exaggerated EPR function remains to be determined. This study was designed to investigate the effects of Ex...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of a single static, ballistic, or proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching exercise on the various muscle-tendon parameters of the lower leg and to detect possible differences in the effects between the methods. Volunteers (n = 122) were randomly divided into static, ballistic, and PNF stretching groups and a control g...

We investigated the effects of repeated eccentric exercise for rat medial gastrocnemius muscle on ankle joint stiffness and muscle connectin (titin) isoform composition (longer form, alpha-connectin; shorter form, beta-connectin). Male Wistar rats were trained on a custom-made, isokinetic dynamometer (eccentric-exercise group, n = 6; sham-operated group, n = 6). The exercise session consisted o...

The aim of the study was to evaluate hormonal responses of serum cortisol, growth hormone (GH), testesterone and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels during dynamic and static stress exercises in 20 male volunteer student athletes. The serum fasting hormonal levels of the participants were measured after six weeks of general resistance exercise. Subsequently, nine of the participants per...

This paper reviews the forward rate curve smoothing literature. The key contribution of this review is to link the static curve fitting exercise to the dynamic and arbitrage-free models of the term structure of interest rates. As such, this review introduces more economics to an almost exclusively mathematical exercise, and it identifies new areas for research related to forward rate curve smoo...

Background: The incomplete maturation of brain in preterm children results in long-term neurodevelopmental impairment. This study aimed to investigate the static balance function in children with a history of preterm birth. Methods: Participants were 31 preterm children including 21 moderately preterm (MPT), 10 very preterm (VPT), and 20 term children aged 5.5 and 6.5 years. The cervical ves...