We demonstrate how censored regression models (including standard Tobit models) can be estimated in R using the add-on package censReg. This package provides not only the usual maximum likelihood (ML) procedure for cross-sectional data but also the random-effects maximum likelihood procedure for panel data using Gauss-Hermite quadrature.

BACKGROUND Consensus development techniques were used in the late 1980s to create explicit criteria for the appropriateness of cataract extraction. We developed a new appropriateness of indications tool for cataract following the RAND method. We tested the validity of our panel results. METHODS Criteria were developed using a modified Delphi panel judgment process. A panel of 12 ophthalmologi...

This paper studies the long-run convergence of per-capita GDP across European regions. Most of the empirical works in this area are based on either cross-sectional or a-spatial panel data xed-e ects estimates. Here, we propose the use of panel data econometrics models that incorporate an explicit consideration of spatial dependence e ects (Anselin, 1988; Elhorst, 2001; 2003). This allows us to ...

Forecasting with Spatial Panel Data This paper compares various forecasts using panel data with spatial error correlation. The true data generating process is assumed to be a simple error component regression model with spatial remainder disturbances of the autoregressive or moving average type. The best linear unbiased predictor is compared with other forecasts ignoring spatial correlation, or...

This paper deals with the estimation of unequally spaced panel data regression models with AR~1! remainder disturbances+ A feasible generalized least squares ~GLS! procedure is proposed as a weighted least squares that can handle a wide range of unequally spaced panel data patterns+ This procedure is simple to compute and provides natural estimates of the serial correlation and variance compone...

Modeling of software-intensive systems using formal declarative modeling languages offers a means managing software complexity through the use abstraction and early identification correctness issues by analysis. Alloy is one such language used for in development process. Little work has been done to study styles techniques commonly models. We present first static analysis investigate research q...