It has been suggested that spindle neurons, an evolutionarily unique type of neuron, might be involved in higher-order social, emotional, and cognitive functions. As such, it was hypothesized that these neurons may be particularly important to the pathophysiology of autism, a disease characterized in part by disruption of higher-order social and emotional processing. Therefore, we conducted the...

Stereological methods are used to obtain quantitative information about the three-dimensional structures based on observations on cutting planes or, to a limited degree, projections. Stereological methods, which are used in biological research, and especially in the study of normal and pathological kidney, are powerful tools for the study of the kidney. The study of kidney development, with emp...

The large size of human tissues requires a practical stereological approach to perform a comprehensive analysis of the whole organ. We have developed a method to quantitatively analyze the whole human pancreas, as one of the challenging organs to study, in which endocrine cells form various sizes of islets that are scattered unevenly throughout the exocrine pancreas. Furthermore, the human panc...