This study was carried out in the Counties of Montenegro and Pareci Novo located in the region of the Vale do Rio Cai, Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil, aiming to determine the fruit fly species of Tephritidae and Lonchaeidae that occur in organic orchards of sweet orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb.] cultivar Céu, and Murcott tangor (Citrus reticulata Blanco x C. sinensis), during the fruit ri...

Introduction Sharka or plum pox disease is considered one of the most devastating diseases of stone fruits in terms of agricultural impact and economic importance (Dunez and Sutic, 1988; Nemeth, 1994). The disease is detrimental to apricot, peach and plum trees as it results in reduced quality and premature dropping of fruits. The causal agent is plum pox virus (PPV), a member of the Potyvirus ...

Brown rot caused by Monilinia spp. is the main disease of stone fruits. Our research aimed to identify an appropriate strategy control plum brown and reduce fungicides residues in fruit through targeted application biocontrol agents (BCAs) Papiliotrema terrestris Bacillus subtilis, alone or combination with synthetic fungicides. The following treatments were evaluated: Biological (BIO1, BIO2), ...

Historically, Mangifera indica L. cultivations have been widely planted in tropical areas of India, Africa, Asia, and Central America. However, at least 20 years ago its spreading allowed the development of some cultivars in Sicily, an island to the south of Italy, where the favourable subtropical climate and adapted soils represent the perfect field to create new sources of production for the ...

The Application of Electrophoresis-Convection in the Purifation of Enzymes: Purii1cation of the Alkaline Phosphatase of Swine Kidneys: James C. Mathies 144 Effect of Heparin on the Growth of a Transplantable Lymphsaroma in Mice: Leonard Kreisler _ 145 Influence of Vitamin D on Deposition of (lallium in Bone of the Rat: H. C. Dudley and Leo Friedman' 146 On the Mechanijn of Formation of HigherAl...

A real-time PCR assay conjugated with the fluorescent SYBR Green I dye has been developed for rapid, sensitive and quantitative detection of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma prunorum’ in its natural hosts, in stone fruits such as apricot plants and in the insect vector Cacopsylla pruni. The selected primers amplified specifically a fragment 153 bp long from the rplV (rpl22) gene of ‘Ca. P. prunorum’ and...

Fruit brown rot caused by Monilinia spp. is the most important fungal disease of stone fruits worldwide. Several phenotyping protocols to accurately characterize and evaluate brown rot infection have been proposed; however, the outcomes from those studies have not led to consistent advances in resistance breeding programs. Breeding for disease resistance is one of the most challenging objective...

The oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta (Busck) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is an important pest of most stone and pome fruits and causes serious damage to the fruit industry worldwide. This insect pest has been primarily controlled through the application of insecticides; as a result, G. molesta has developed resistance to many different types of insecticides. To identify detoxification ge...

Phytoplasmas such as "Candidatus Phytoplasma pruni," the causal agent of X-disease of stone fruits, lack detailed biological analysis. This has limited the understanding of plant resistance mechanisms. Chokecherry (Prunus virginiana L.) is a promising model to be used for the plant-phytoplasma interaction due to its documented ability to resist X-disease infection. A consensus chokecherry genet...

Urinary stone is one of the oldest and the most common afflictions in humans, animals and birds. A number of people suffer from urinary stones. Brushite or calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (CHPD) crystals are frequently found in urinary stones. Many fruits contain high amount of tartaric acid. Therefore, the effect of tartaric acid on the growth of CHPD crystals is presented in this article...