of wood debris size and shape is proposed for use in river and stream channel surveys and restoration projects. Dividing wood debris length and diameter into seven categories, respectively distinguished by an alphanumeric code, results in a total of forty-nine distinct size and shape categories. Intended to be analogous to the phi class intervals used to characterize channel bed substrate, this...

Water having entered a stream channel from the surrounding catchment may continue to have connections with the catchment. In the stream’s hyporheic zone, water “in the channel” exchanges with “groundwater” in the bed of the stream. Hyporheic exchange flows typically occur at scales small relative to the length and volumetric transport characteristics of the stream. Nevertheless, it is well docu...

Streams and their riparian zones provide typical examples of naturally speciesrich, dynamic habitats. Under natural conditions, spatial and temporal variation in flooding disturbance coincide with a strong hydrological gradient from the channel to the uplands, generating a heterogeneous environment with corresponding high plant and animal diversity. Yet, streams and their riparian zones are hig...

Regional data needed for effective stream restoration include hydraulic geometry relationships (i.e., regional curves) and reference channel morphology parameters. Increasingly ecological conditions are being considered when designing, implementing, and assessing restoration efforts. We provide morphology relationships and associated ecological endpoint curves for reference streams in the Alaba...

We describe a method for using spatially referenced regressions of contaminant transport on watershed attributes (SPARROW) in regional water-quality assessment. The method is designed to reduce the problems of data interpretation caused by sparse sampling, network bias, and basin heterogeneity. The regression equation relates measured transport rates in streams to spatially referenced descripto...

Linear precoding (beamforming) techniques that maximize the sum rate in the multi-antenna broadcast channel often suffer severe performance degradation when the channel state information at the transmitter is erroneous or outdated. This paper presents a linear precoding algorithm that uses the channel statistics rather than channel state to provide more stable performance in time-varying enviro...

Side-channel attacks are one of the most dangerous threats against secure devices. By exploiting physical properties of the circuits running cryptographic protocols, that is, by analyzing the power consumption, running time, or electomagnetic radiations of circuits computing on secret data, sidechannel attacks circumvent traditional security proofs and show to be extremely effective in breaking...