Despite the agricultural importance of species in the Grapholitini (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), and the value of gene expression analysis for improved population management, few gene expression studies based on quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) have been conducted for this tribe. Part of the reason for this lack of information is that suitable reference genes, which are fundamental for accurate ...

In order to screen out the most stable reference genes in tomatoes under powdery mildew (PM) stress and study expression of related interaction between tomato PM more accurately, this will provide a calibration basis for functional genes. study, stabilities eight candidate EF1α, L33, Act, Ubi, GAPDH, UK, CAC TIP41 susceptible resistant were ranked using four different computation programs, incl...

Early life stress is a well-documented risk factor for the development of psychopathology in genetically predisposed individuals. As it is hard to study how early life stress impacts human brain structure and function, various animal models have been developed to address this issue. The models discussed here reveal that perinatal stress in rodents exerts lasting effects on the stress system as ...

BACKGROUND Attrition of students from aviation training is a serious financial and operational concern for the U.S. Navy. Each late stage navy aviator training failure costs the taxpayer over $1,000,000 and ultimately results in decreased operational readiness of the fleet. Currently, potential aviators are selected based on the Aviation Selection Test Battery (ASTB), which is a series of multi...

Based on formant measurements of more than 10000 vowels from 16 German speakers, vowel quality di erences between the speakers have been analyzed. The main result of this investigation is that di erent speakers show not only di erent formant values (as one would expect due to individual di erences), but exhibit di erent arrangements in their vowel systems. These di erences are demonstrated by e...

We develop a dimension theory for D-semianalytic sets over an arbitrary non-Archimedean complete field. Our main results are the equivalence of several notions of dimension and a theorem on additivity of dimensions of projections and fibers in characteristic 0. We also prove a parameterized version of normalization for D-semianalytic