background: gonad shielding has been recommended during pelvic x-rays since the 1950s. the popular method of gonad shielding is placement a lead shield in the midline of the pelvis. the aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and utility of gonad shielding in pediatrics undergoing pelvic x-rays.materials and methodsfollowing study approval, we retrospectively retrieved data from the di...

PURPOSE We evaluated whether measurements on conventional cephalometric radiographs are comparable to measurements on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)-constructed cephalometric radiographs taken from human skulls. MATERIALS AND METHODS The CBCT scans and conventional cephalometric radiographs were made using 40 dry skulls. With I-Cat Vision software (Imaging Sciences International, Inc, H...

course morphology analysing this in digital panoramic radiographs images. We used 603 digital images from panoramic radiographs. We selected only panoramic radiographs of fully dentate individuals, who had all lower molars bilaterally and with complete root formation. The sample distribution was determined by facial type and sex. The course of the mandibular canal, as seen in the panoramic radi...

STUDY OBJECTIVES In the United States, chest radiographs are performed on patients with positive tuberculin skin test (TST) results. It is not known whether, in addition to a single posteroanterior radiograph, a lateral chest radiograph is clinically indicated or cost-effective. We sought to determine the utility of the lateral chest radiograph in evaluating TST-positive adults. DESIGN Cross-...

UNLABELLED Hip stresses are generally believed to influence whether a hip develops osteoarthritis (OA); similarly, various osteotomies have been proposed to reduce contact stresses and the risk of OA. We asked whether elevated hip contact stress predicted osteoarthritis in initially asymptomatic human hips. We identified 58 nonoperatively treated nonsubluxated hips with developmental dysplasia ...