A set S of vertices a graph is defensive alliance if, for each element , the majority its neighbours are in . We study parameterised complexity Defensive Alliance where aim to find minimum size alliance. Our main results following: (1) has been studied extensively during last twenty years, but question whether it FPT when by feedback vertex still remained open. prove that problem W[1]-hard wide...

A global defensive (respectively, offensive) alliance in a graph G = (V,E) is a set of vertices S ⊆ V with the properties that every vertex in V − S has at least one neighbor in S, and for each vertex v in S (respectively, in V − S) at least half the vertices from the closed neighborhood of v are in S. These alliances are called strong if a strict majority of vertices from the closed neighborho...

The odds of a current syndicate relationship between two lenders depend upon their previous alliances. The odds are significantly higher [lower] and strongest for a current lead–participant relationship with a continuation [reversal] of their previous roles. To illustrate, the odds are nearly four times higher when two lenders have allied in the previous 5 years. The strength of lead–participan...

Formalized rural health service delivery networks are emerging as an over-arching response to the attrition of rural surgical and maternity services in Canada. In effective networks, there is strong collaborative leadership, form follows function, core network elements are identified and site-specific variations are accommodated to meet the surgical needs of the population in each geographic ca...

A molecular phylogenetic analysis of the tribe Malveae (subfamily Malvoideae, Malvaceae) was undertaken using the internal transcribed spacer region of the 18S-26S nuclear ribosomal repeat (ITS). This work represents the first exhaustive study to evaluate the infratribal circumscription and generic affinities using molecular sequence data. The ITS phylogeny indicates that the informal tribal al...

In this paper we develop the concept of relational quality as a proxy for relational trust. Exploration of data from 67 alliances confirms that relational quality is composed of three elements: initial conditions, partner interactions, and external events. We offer propositions on the relative importance these elements take depending on the different roles relational trust may play in strategic...

In this paper, I examine the impact of partner technological diversity and alliance organizational form on firm innovative performance. Using a sample of 463 R&D alliances in the telecommunications equipment industry, I find that alliances contribute far more to firm innovation when technological diversity is moderate, rather than low or high. Although this relationship holds irrespective of al...