O ver the past 15 years, a growing body of research has demonstrated that teachers are the most important school-based determinant of student achievement. Taking advantage of improved educational data systems that link students to their teachers, this research has used a class of statistical techniques called value-added models to estimate teachers’ impact on their students’ standardized test p...

For an NP ∩ coNP function g of the Nisan-Wigderson type and a string b outside its range we consider a two player game on a common input a to the function. One player, a computationally limited Student, tries to find a bit of g(a) that differs from the corresponding bit of b. He can query a computationally unlimited Teacher for the witnesses of the values of constantly many bits of g(a). The St...

Traditional approaches to developing user models, especially for computer-based learning environments, are notoriously difficult and time-consuming because they rely heavily on expert-elicited knowledge about the target application and domain. Furthermore, because the necessary expert knowledge is application and domain specific, the entire model development process must be repeated for each ne...