vii Chapter 1: Introduction 1 Chapter 2: Review of Literature 7 Definitions of Parenting Styles 7 Scholastic Achievement 10 Authoritative Parenting 11 Permissive and Authoritarian Parenting 14 Learning Autonomy 16 Teaching Styles 19 Chapter 3: Method 26 Participants 26 Procedure 26 Instruments 27 Parental Authority Questionnaire 27 Perceptions of Parents Scales: The College-Student Scale 28 Lea...

This contribution presents findings from two empirical case studies, which followed a task-based telecollaborative learning format. Participants included student teacher trainees, tutors, 1 and language learners from colleges/universities in Germany, Poland, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The projects aimed at promoting learner autonomy through awareness raising of modes and meaning...

Objectives To improve programs aimed to enhance medical student resiliency, we examined both medical student and faculty advisor perspectives on resiliency-building in an Asian medical school. Methods In two separate focus groups, a convenience sample of 8 MD-PhD students and 8 faculty advisors were asked to identify strategies for enhancing resilience. Using thematic analysis, two researcher...

THE IMPACT OF ACADEMIC OPTIMISM ON STUDENT ACHIEVEMENTIN FIVE MIDDLE SCHOOLS

Our paper addresses firm size as a driver of systematic credit risk in loans to small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Key contributions are the use of a unique data set of SME lending by over 400 German banks and relating systematic risk to the size dependence of regulatory capital requirements. What sets our sample apart is its comprehensive coverage of the particularly rich and well developed ...

widespread changes in women’s roles in society, in turn, leads to their increasing participation in the social arena, therefore, by increasing women’s autonomy in different aspects of life, they are more likely to reach to higher positions and status than they were in earlier decades. this situation provides the context for changes in fertility ideals (fertility behavior, desires, and ideals) o...