Introduction: Red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) is one of the herbal plants used as a wound healing drug because it contains high oleoresin and essential oil. also has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial properties that can strengthen immune system prevent infection. For safety using plants, necessary to do toxicity test. Subacute test detect toxic effects after administrat...

T h e etiopathogenesis of subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord ( S C D S C ) is still a mat ter of controversy. In spite of the numerous investigations made in the last years, concerning particularly the metabolism of vi tamin B 1 2 , some fundamental aspects of the disease process are still unknown. I t is granted that the finding of deficient absorption of vitamin B 1 2 and/or th...

We describe a case of a young woman who developed myelopathy and peripheral neuropathy following 1 year of recreational nitrous oxide (N2O) use. She presented with uncomfortable tingling sensation in her feet and poor balance. Physical examination revealed mild weakness and hyper-reflexia in the lower limbs. Proprioception and vibration were absent in the lower limbs. Pinprick and light touch s...

A 49-year-old vegetarian woman developed paresthesia in bilateral arms, forearms, hands and toes. On examination, her position sense was decreased in her hands and toes, but other sensory and motor systems appeared normal. Hyperreflexia was observed in the legs. Babinski’s sign was not seen. Lhermitte’s sign was positive. On cervical MRI scan, T2-weighted images showed bilateral hyperintensitie...

A 26-year-old patient developed ascending weakness and paresthesias. Megaloblastic anemia and mildly reduced serum vitamin B12 (B12) concentration were noted. Myoclonus-like muscular contractions appeared over four extremities and in the trunk. She admitted inhaling nitrous oxide (N2O) as a euphoriant repeatedly at party. Following parenteral B12 administration, her neurological deficit promptl...

PURPOSE Nitrous oxide (N2O) is neurotoxic by interfering with vitamin B12 bioavailability. The clinical picture is indistinguishable to that of subacute combined degeneration (SCD). A movement disorder might occur though it is not a characteristic feature. We report a patient with N2O-induced SCD, exhibiting a combination of different involuntary movements. CASE REPORT A 20-year-old woman pre...

1 of 3 DESCRIPTION A previously healthy 82-year-old lady presented with abnormal sensation in her fi ngers which she described as ‘feeling like bananas’. There was an additional history of deteriorating handwriting and a sense of imbalance when walking dating back 6 months. She obtained a score of 26 out of 30 on the mini mental state examination. She had gait ataxia, being unable to perform ta...

Background. Subacute combined degeneration (SCD) is a rare cause of demyelination of the dorsal and lateral columns of spinal cord and is a neurogenic complication due to cobalamin deficiency. Anemia of chronic disease (ACD) occurs in patients with acute or chronic immune activation, including infective endocarditis. It remains to be elucidated whether ACD patients are more sensitive to suffer ...