Several studies have employed rotating biological contactors (RBCs) for nitrogen removal. However, partially submersed disks are used for nitrification, while completely submersed disks are used for denitrification. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of disk submergence in the performance of rotating biological contactors, in terms of the denitrification process. Two RBCs...

Submergence stress can greatly limit grain yield of inbred rice (Oryza sativa L.), but the effects submergence on hybrid are unclear. A pot experiment was conducted to clarify that happens at vegetative growth stage two Chinese cultivars. The cultivars Zheyou-18, an indica-japonica hybrid, and Yliangyou-689, indica were planted under treatments, (43 cm depth tap water for about 2 wk) control (n...

Rice is a staple food and one of the most crucial crops globally, providing sustenance for more than half world's population. Climate change has impact on agricultural sector, particularly rice cultivation, due to increase in abiotic stress incidences. Salinity severe stresses production globally. Salt significantly reduces growth performance, affecting various metabolic physiological processes...

In recent years, tapping the sea for potable water has gained prominence as a potential source of water. Since seawater intake systems are often used in infrastructure industry, ensuring proper efficiency different operating conditions is very important. this paper, CFD modeling to show general hydraulic design (flow patterns, stream flow, vortex severities, and pre-swirl) principles performanc...

Seed longevity, a fundamental plant trait for ex situ conservation and persistence in the soil of many species, varies across populations and generations that experience different climates. Mondoni et al. (pp. 1257–1263) study seeds from alpine and lowland populations of Silene vulgaris and show that seed longevity has a genetic basis but may show strong adaptive responses, which are associated...

PURPOSE This case report discusses the effect of a root submergence technique on preserving the periodontal tissue at the pontic site of fixed dental prostheses in the maxillary anterior aesthetic zone. METHODS Teeth with less than ideal structural support for fixed retainer abutments were decoronated at the crestal bone level. After soft tissue closure, the final fixed dental prostheses were...

Semiaquatic frogs may not breathe air for several months because they overwinter in ice-covered ponds. In contrast to many vertebrates that experience decreased motor performance after inactivity, bullfrogs, Lithobates catesbeianus, retain functional respiratory motor processes following cold-submergence. Unlike mammalian hibernators with unloaded limb muscles and inactive locomotor systems, re...

For efficient use of water, accurate measurement of flow in (field/laboratory) channels is required for many water resource projects. The present work is aimed to study the flow characteristics of a twin plate weir (two sharp-crested plates are placed one behind the other at some distance) under free and submerged flow conditions. Experiments are performed with four spacing of the twin plate we...