The atmosphere is an oxidizing medium. Many environmentally important trace gases emitted from the Earth’s surface are removed from the atmosphere by oxidation. The list includes methane and other organic compounds, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur gases (Table 1). Understanding the processes and rates by which species are oxidized in the atmosphere, i.e., the oxidizing power of the...

The draft genome sequence of Geobacillus subterraneus strain K, a thermophilic aerobic oil-oxidizing bacterium isolated from production water of the Uzen high-temperature oil field in Kazakhstan, is presented here. The genome is annotated for elucidation of the genomic and phenotypic diversity of thermophilic alkane-oxidizing bacteria.

Bioleaching, a novel biotechnological process, is used to eliminate heavy metals from contaminated sediments by acidification as well as solubilization of heavy metals. Metals from poor-quality ore and mineral compounds are removed by Bioleaching process, which is simple and low cost effective technology. Acidophilic sulfur oxidizing bacteria (Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, Acidithiobacillus t...

We investigated the in situ gene expression profile of sulfur-turf microbial mats dominated by an uncultured large sausage-shaped Aquificae bacterium, a key metabolic player in sulfur-turfs in sulfidic hot springs. A reverse transcription-PCR analysis revealed that the genes responsible for sulfide, sulfite, and thiosulfate oxidation and carbon fixation via the reductive TCA cycle were continuo...

Sulfuricella sp. strain T08 is a sulfur-oxidizing autotroph newly isolated from a freshwater lake in Japan. Strain T08 is the second isolate of the genus Sulfuricella. Here, we report the annotated draft genome sequence of the isolate.

The aim of this study was to obtain a nitrite-oxidizing bacterium with high nitrite oxidation activity for controlling nitrite levels. A nitrite-oxidizing bacterium, ZS-1, was isolated from the water of a coastal Pseudosciaena crocea-rearing pond. The strain was identified as Nitrobacter winogradskyi based on the phylogenetic analyses of the 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid gene and nxrA sequence...

Properties ofa heat-labile glucose transport system in Thiobacillusferrooxidans strain AP-44 were investigated with iron-grown cells. [14C]glucose was incorporated into ceil fractions, and the cells metabolized [14C]glucose to 14CO2. Amytal, rotenone, cyanide, azide, 2,4-dinitrophenol, and dicyclohexylcarbodiimide strongly inhibited [14C]glucose uptake activity, suggesting the presence of an en...

Sulfur is an essential element for the synthesis of cysteine, methionine, and other organo-sulfur compounds needed by living organisms. Additionally, some prokaryotes are capable of exploiting oxidation or reduction of inorganic sulfur compounds to energize cellular growth. Several anaerobic genera of Bacteria and Archaea produce hydrogen sulfide (H2S), as a result of using sulfate (SO(4)(2 -) ...