The ability to read is taken for granted by those of higher socioeconomic status in the developed world. However, many people from disadvantaged backgrounds in the developed world – and even more in the developing world – are unable to read or write well enough to thrive in today’s technologically advanced global society; many cannot read at all. The International Adult Literacy Survey reports ...

We consider an energy-functional describing rotating superruids at a rotating velocity !, and prove similar results as for the Ginzburg-Landau functional of su-perconductivity : mainly the existence of branches of solutions with vortices, the existence of a critical ! above which energy-minimizers have vortices, evaluations of the minimal energy as a function of !, and the derivation of a limit...

We propose an extension of the mixture of factor (or independent component) analyzers model to include strongly super-gaussian mixture source densities. This allows greater economy in representation of densities with (multiple) peaked modes or heavy tails than using several Gaussians to represent these features. We derive an EM algorithm to find the maximum likelihood estimate of the model, and...

Following Rosen [1981], superstar effects (earnings convex in quality and a few firms reaping a large share of market earnings) occur with imperfect substitution between sellers, low (and possibly declining) marginal cost of output, and marginal cost falling as quality increases. However, markets without such characteristics have superstar effects, and the main result from the superstar model —...

Eigen’s quasi-species model describes viruses as ensembles of different mutants of a high fitness ‘‘master’’ genotype. Mutants are assumed to have lower fitness than the master type, yet they coexist with it forming the quasi-species. When the mutation rate is sufficiently high, the master type no longer survives and gets replaced by a wide range of mutant types, thus destroying the quasi-speci...

Many characteristics of complex networks, such as small-world, scale-free, aggregation properties, and so on have been thoroughly studied. Super-node structure is an important way to resolve the problem of service node selection in complex network. Two key issues of this method are how to define the scope of super-nodes in their respective communities and how to choose an appropriate super-node...

As applications involving the capture of digital images and video become more demanding in the recent years and at the same time more ambitious for critical real time applications like video surveillance. There is a driving need for digital images and videos of higher resolutions and visual quality. Since, the video is a sequence of still images representing scenes in motion, the problem of gen...

In this paper, we introduce the concept of learning latent super-events from activity videos, and present how it benefits activity detection in continuous videos. We define a super-event as a set of multiple events occurring together in videos with a particular temporal organization; it is the opposite concept of sub-events. Real-world videos contain multiple activities and are rarely segmented...